Vocabulary
What is the point directly above the focus, on the surface
epicenter
What are the type of waves earthquakes make?
seismic waves
What tool do scientists use to detect and record seismic waves?
Seismograph
Tsunamis are usually caused by what?
Earthquakes below or near the ocean
Another word for the focus is
Hypocenter
What causes earthquakes?
tectonic plate movement
What type of seismic waves usually knock down buildings and other structures?
surface waves
Tsunamis are also referred to as
tidal waves
Name the three types of faults
Strike slip fault, regular fault, Reverse/thrust Fault
What are foreshocks and aftershocks?
smaller earthquakes that occur before and after the main earthquake
What slows/stops seismic waves?
Earth's outer core, liquids
A tsunami wave can be as high as
100 feet
What is the main difference of the strike slip fault?
it is horizontal
Why does the ground shake during an earthquake?
Seismic waves bounce back and forth through Earth
What are the two types of body waves and how are they different?
P in P waves stands for ‘primary’ because they are faster.
S in S waves stands for ‘secondary’ because they are slower.
Where do tsunamis occur the most
Pacific ocean, Indonesia
What is the difference between the three boundaries?
spreading zones- molten rock rises, pushing two plates apart and adding new material at their edges.
transform faults- when plates slide past one another.
Why do earthquakes often occur in California?
it is on a boundary
What is the process of seismic waves?
1. Tectonic plate movement creates the waves
2. Waves bounce back and forth through Earth, making the ground shake
3. The outer core stops the seismic waves
What makes tsunamis grow in size?
water collected from the shore