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Earthquake Anatomy
Measuring Earthquakes
Earthquake Symptoms
100
At this type of fault, tectonic plates scrape past each other at a transform boundary.
What is a strike-slip fault
100
These seismic waves cannot travel through the liquid outer core of the earth.
What are S-waves (Secondary waves)?
100
The name of the location directly above the focus.
What is the epicenter?
100

This instrument constantly records ground movement in the earth.

What is a seismometer?

100
A wall of water created when an earthquake occurs in the ocean floor.
What is a Tsunami?
200
Earthquakes occur along a fault in this layer of the earth.
What is the Lithosphere (Crust)?
200
These seismic waves usually cause the most damage.
What are surface waves?
200
Most earthquakes occur along these areas because their slow movement causes large amounts of stress to build up over time.
What are plate boundaries?
200
The minimum number of stations needed to locate an earthquake's epicenter.
What is 3?
200
Most injuries and deaths from an earthquake occur due to the collapsing of these structures.
What are buildings?
300
This type of fault is found where rocks are pulling apart resulting in one block of rock sliding downward in relation to the other.
What is a Normal Fault?
300

a series of low-frequency shock waves, somewhat like sound waves, traveling through the earth

What are earthquakes?

300
During an earthquake, the most damage occurs here.
What is at the epicenter?
300
A seismic center closest to this location will detect seismic waves first.
What is the epicenter?
300
The process in which shaking of the ground caused by an earthquake causes soil to temporarily become a liquid.
What is liquefaction?
400
At this type of fault, one block of rock slides upwards in relation to the other one as a result of them being pushed together.
What is a Reverse Fault?
400
The direction(s) that seismic waves travel when an earthquake occurs.
What is in all directions?
400
An area that has produced earthquakes in the past but is quiet now.
What is a seismic gap?
400
The true name of the current scale used to measure earthquakes.
What is the Moment Magnitude Scale?
400
The 2 locations where the most powerful earthquakes in recorded history have occurred.
What are Chile and Alaska?
500

The margin between two tectonic plates that are moving toward each other often locations of subduction and mountain building

What is a convergent boundary?

500

Forces or stresses that act to squeeze or crush an object or substance

What is compression?

500

The angle of slope of a fault face or stratum, measured from the horizontal plane to the fault or stratum surface.

What is the Dip?

500

a measure of the damage an earthquake causes using the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale.

What is intensity?

500

any change in the shape of a solid due to stresses exerted on the material

What is the strain? https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ for more info click here.

600

The margin between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other

What is a divergent boundary?

600

forces or stresses that act to pull an object or substance apart

What is tension?

600

The compass direction of an imaginary line drawn horizontally on the surface of a fault face or rock stratum; helps indicate the orientation of the fault or stratum at a given location

What is the strike?

600

A measure of the earthquake's energy

What is the magnitude?

700

a stress crack in a rock that shows no indications of motion of the rock on either side of the crack.

What is a joint?

700

forces or stresses that act in opposite directions on different parts of the same object or substance

What is shear?

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