Causes and Zones
This theory states that Earth’s crust is always moving, floating on the hot, liquid mantle
Tectonic Plates Theory
Scientist who studies earthquakes are called..
Seismologists
A tremor that follows a large earthquake is called..
An aftershock
What is the difference between an active and an alive volcano?
An active volcano could erupt soon or has erupted in the recent past, an alive volcano is currently erupting
What method were the Hawaiian Islands formed by?
Hot Spots
Tectonic plates move away from each other at what type of boundary?
Divergent boundary
An instrument that measures and records seismic waves is called a..
Seismograph
What is one of the side effects of an earthquake?
Tsunamis, fires, and liquefaction
What is the difference between an extinct and a dormant volcano?
A dormant volcano has not erupted recently and shows no sign of eruption, an extinct volcano cannot erupt again
What is the difference between lava and magma?
Magma is molten ground that is underground, lava is magma that has reached the surface of the Earth
Subduction only occurs at what type of boundary?
Convergent boundary
What are the two kind of seismic waves that travel underground (body waves)?
P (primary) and S (secondary) waves
Tears in the crust caused by the friction of a fault are called..
Fissures
A structure of hardened magma that forms inside of a vent is called a..
Plug
Most volcanoes form at one type of plate boundary?
Convergent boundaries
Name 1 of the 3 tectonic plates along the Ring of Fire
Pacific, Cocos, or Nazca plate
Which types of surface waves are faster and move in a side to-side direction?
Love wave
What famous volcano erupted on May 18, 1890 in Washington, U.S.?
Mt. St. Helens
Name all three types of volcanoes
Shield, Cinder cone, and Composite
What is the difference between a crater and caldera?
A caldera is bigger than a crater and is formed when the top of a volcano collapses.
What kind of boundary does the San Andreas Fault lie on?
Transform boundary
What type of surface wave is slower moving and moves in elliptical patterns (like oceans waves)?
Rayleigh waves
What volcano destroyed the city of Pompeii in 1944?
Mt. Vesuvius
How many volcanoes are on Earth? What percentage of them are in the Ring of Fire?
There are 1,500 volcanoes on Earth and 90% of them are in the Ring of Fire
What is the difference between extrusion and intrusion?
Extrusion is when magma comes through the vent and piles up on the outside of the cone, intrusion is when magma moves up the inside of the cone and remains in the vent without erupting