Vocabulary 1
Large pockets of magma that reach deep into the crust
Batholith
The measure of energy released during an earthquake
Magnitude
When a volcano collapses into itself at its top, it forms a...
caldera
At this fault, the plates push together and rock above the fault surface moves upward
Reverse fault
When magma rises, pushes against the rock layers above it and forms a dome shaped structure
Dome mountain
What are the two main types of seismic waves?
Surface waves and body waves
The force that is produced at a strike slip fault that causes the rock to rub together and break
Shearing
A series of huge waves caused by an earthquake or volcanic eruption beneath the ocean floor
Tsunami
Scale used to measure earthquakes. Uses land damage and personal accounts to determine magnitude
Mercalli scale
The fastest seismic waves that travel through gases, liquids, and solids by pushing and pulling against the material they pass through
P waves or primary waves
a landform made up of many layers of rock. As the lava flows out it spreads and forms a volcano with broad sloping sides.
Shield volcano
Blocks and bombs are the largest form of this material ejected from a volcano
Tephra
Scale used to measure earthquakes. Uses wave length and data from seismograph to determine magnitude
Richter scale
When finding where an earthquakes epicenter is, how many seismograph stations are needed?
3
A landform made up of small rock particles or cinders
cinder cone volcano
fluidized masses of rock fragments and gases that move rapidly in response to gravity.
Pyroclastic flow
The three uplifted landforms that are formed when plates push together are
Fault block, folded mountains, and plateaus
Many smaller earthquakes that follow a major one
Aftershock
The strength of an earthquake is measured by its
Intensity
Where plates move apart, volcanoes can form at gaps along the plates edge. These volcanic landforms are called
Rift Volcanoes
At a normal fault, the plates are pulled apart, causing this force
Tension