Earth is Shaking
Eruptions
Layers of Earth
Volcanoes
Inside the Earth
100
The point of Earth's surface that is directly above an earthquake's focus is this.
What is the epicenter?
100
Melted rock that flows out onto Earth's surface is called this.
What is lava?
100
The layer of Earth that we walk on.
What is the crust?
100
The opening at the top of a volcano is called this.
What is a crater?
100
Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into several of these.
What are tectonic plates?
200
Scientists measure earthquake waves with this.
What is a seismograph?
200
A large basin that can form at the top of a volcano is called this.
What is a crater?
200
The layer of earth made of solid iron.
What is the inner core?
200
Mountains made of lava layers that alternate with layers of cinders are called this.
What are composite volcanoes?
200
The divergent plates of Earth's crust and mantle move like this
What is away from each other?
300
This type of stress pulls rock apart.
What is tension?
300
A pocket of magma under the ground is called this.
What is a magma chamber?
300
The layer of Earth between the crust and the outer core.
What is the mantle?
300
These are the ways volcanoes can be useful to people. (Three ways)
What is provide fertile soil, building materials, and geothermal energy?
300
A break in the crust along which rocks move is a...
fault
400
These waves are the first to arrive after an earthquake.
What are Primary or P-waves?
400
This kind of lava flows easily and is found in shield volcanoes.
What is mafic lava?
400
The crust is broken up into these sections.
What are tectonic plates?
400
This volcano is formed from layers of lava.
What is a shield volcano?
400
The layer of Earth that is the hottest is the...
inner core
500
This type of fault occurs when the hanging wall drops below the footwall.
What is a normal fault?
500
The Hawaiian Islands and Yellowstone volcanoes are examples of volcanoes that form not at plate boundaries, but in this unusual location.
What is a hot spot?
500
The lithosphere is made up of this.
What is the crust and the upper mantle?
500
One of two places where a volcano is most likely to form.
What is at convergent boundaries with subduction, or divergent boundaries?
500
The point underground where the movement of the earthquake first takes place is called...
focus
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