Earthquake Vocabulary
Earthquakes
Volcano Vocabulary
Volcanoes
Earthquake/Volcano MISC
100
The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
What is the EPICENTER?
100
The time record of ground motion during an earthquake produces this.
What is a SEISMOGRAM?
100
A substances resistance to flow.
What is VISCOSITY?
100
The zone of volcanic activity surrounding the Pacific Ocean.
What is the RING OF FIRE?
100
This scale measures the levels of activity in volcanoes.
What is VEI or VOLCANIC EXPLOSIVITY INDEX?
200
The point under the Earth's surface where an earthquake originates.
What is the FOCUS?
200
Three of these are needed to find the epicenter of an earthquake.
What are SEISMIC RECORDING STATIONS?
200
A mountain of pyroclastic material.
What is a VOLCANO?
200
These two factors affect the viscosity of magma.
What is TEMPERATURE and the CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MAGMA?
200
These are the steps you would follow to find the epicenter of an earthquake.
What is 1. Locate the P & S waves 2. Find the time difference in arrival of the P & S waves 3. Use a graph to finde the corresponding distance from the epicenter 4. Plot circles on a map for each of the stations 5. Find where the circles interscet, which is the epicenter
300
An instrument used to measure the duration and intensity of an earthquake.
What is a SEISMOGRAPH?
300
Earthquakes mainly occur at these areas.
What are FAULTS or PLATE BOUNDARIES?
300
Opening in Earth's crust where molten lava and volcanic gases escape onto the land surface or into the atmosphere.
What is a VENT?
300
This type of volcano has a broad base, steep slopes and a jagged cone. Mt. Fuji is an example.
What is a COMPOSITE or STRATOVOLCANO?
300
The two types of Basaltic lava - one is faster, the other slower moving.
What is PAHOEHOE (Faster), AA (Slower)?
400
These body waves move fastest and arrive at a recording station first (also called compression waves)
What are PRIMARY WAVES or P WAVES?
400
Scientists use this scale to express the magnitude of an earthquake.
What is the MOMENT MAGNITUDE SCALE?
400
Volcanic ash, gases, rock and lava fragments ejected from a volcano are also known as this.
What is PYROCLASTIC MATERIAL?
400
This type of volcano only erupts once, then the vent is blocked by solidified lava.
What is a CINDER CONE VOLCANO?
400
The major differences in P and S waves.
1) speed 2) type of wave motion 3) behavior of waves as they move through the Earth
500
These seismic waves cause the most damage during an earthquake.
What are SURFACE WAVES?
500
Earthquakes are caused by this.
What is ROCKS ALONG A FAULT RELEASING ENERGY?
500
A destructive mud flow on the slopes of a volcano.
What is a LAHAR?
500
This classification of volcano is most explosive.
What is PLINIAN or ULTRA-PLINIAN?
500
These two factors affect the explosivity of a volcanic eruption.
What is VISCOSITY and DISSOLVED GASES IN THE MAGMA?
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