mountain that forms when red hot melted rock flows through a crack onto the Earth's surface.
100
an underground holding pool for hot magma
What is a magma chamber
100
volcanos that are "sleeping" are called:
What is a dormant volcano
200
Describe the CRUST
layer we walk on, made of rock
200
a break along the Earth's crust where rocks move is called:
a fault
200
What is the difference between magma and lava?
magma is under the surface, lava is above the surface
200
scientists use a ______ to measure earthquake waves.
What is a seismograph
200
volcanoes that can erupt at any time are called
What are active volcanoes
300
Describe the MANTLE
thickest layer, solid rock, some is partly melted
300
the point underground where movement first takes place
What is the focus
300
magma rises toward the surface through a rocky tube called:
What is a vent
300
a large basin that can form at the top of a volcano
What is a crater
300
Volcanoes that show no signs of erupting again
What are extinct volcanoes
400
Describe the core
the hottest layer of the Earth, dense ball made of iron and nickel.
400
The point on Earth's surface that is right above the focus is called:
What is the epicenter
400
Name the 3 types of volcanoes.
What is shield, cinder cone and composite volcanoes.
400
the deepest layer of the Earth
What is the core
400
How do underwater volcanoes form?
plates move away from eachother, magma rises and the cool ocean water hardens lava into rock which forms new ocean floor.
500
Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into slabs called ____________. Describe how these slabs move:
Plates. Toward eachother, away front eachother and slide past eachother
500
Name one of the 3 ways scientists can measure earthquake waves, strength, or energy.
seismograph, Mercalli Scale, Richter Scale
500
Name a way volcanoes can build the land and a way they can destroy land.
build: ash fertilizes the soil for flowers, trees and crops. Destroy:explosions spread ash and gases that can make it hard to breathe, lava destroys everything in its path.
500
Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into several _______
What is plates
500
What is the difference between how the Mercalli scale and Richter scale are measured with numbers.