This type of stress causes two rocks to slip past one another in a horizontal direction.
What is shearing?
100
These are the three types of seismic waves.
What are S-waves, P-waves and surface waves?
100
A seismograph does this.
What records seismic waves?
100
The higher the magnitude of an earthquake, the higher the _______________ caused.
What is damage?
100
Drop down, cover yourself, hold onto something strong or find an open area outside.
What should people do during an earthquake?
200
In this kind of fault, the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall, while its 'opposite' has the hanging wall moving down relative to the footwall.
What is a reverse fault?
200
This is the slowest type of wave that arrives last.
What are surface waves?
200
This is the series of waves drawn by a seismograph in response to the vibrating drum.
What is a seismogram?
200
This is the area underground where the seismic waves of an earthquake originate. It is NOT the epicenter!
What is the focus?
200
Along plate boundaries with high friction
Where are earthquakes most likely to happen?
300
This is a large area of flat land elevated high above sea level.
What is a plateau?
300
These types of waves cause the most destruction.
What are surface waves?
300
These four tools or machines detect earthquakes.
What are tiltmeters, creep meters, GPS satellites and laser-ranging devices?
300
Which of the three earthquake scales was developed to rate earthquakes according to the level of damage at a specific location?
What is the Mercalli scale?
300
This type of building rests on energy/shock-absorbing rubber pads or springs to help the building move gently back and forth without shaking.
What is a base-isolated building?
400
This is an upward fold in rock. The opposite of this landform has a downward fold in the rock.
What is an anticline?
400
This is the order of the arrival times of the different types of waves, from first to last.
What are P-waves, then S-waves, then surface waves?
400
These are three types of scales for measuring earthquakes.
What are Mercalli, Richter and moment magnitude scales?
400
Shaking, liquefaction, aftershocks and tsunamis
What are causes of earthquake damage?
400
Strengthen the frame and walls, anchor the building to a strong foundation, and secure loose objects.
How can people make a building more earthquake-safe?
500
These are the three types of stress in the Earth's crust.
What are shearing, compression and tension?
500
These are the types of motion that S waves make.
What is up and down and side to side?
500
Locked plates due to high friction that finally unlock and release a large amount of stress in a short amount of time.
What type of fault movement causes an earthquake?
500
This is caused by displaced water when the sea-floor shifts during an earthquake.
What is a tsunami?
500
This is when an earthquake's shaking suddenly turns loose, soft soil into liquid mud. It is more likely where the soil is full of moisture and it causes the ground to soften and buildings to sink and pull apart.