Forces in Earths Crust
Waves
Shake n' Make
Vocabulary
100
A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume.
What is stress
100
This is the shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth’s surface
What is an earthquake
100

A scale that rates earthquakes according to their level of damage

What is the Mercalli Scale

100

The point on Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.

What is the epicenter

200
Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle
What is tension
200
Also called shear waves, these slower seismic waves can travel only through solid materials. They produce an up-and-down or side-to-side motion
What is an S-wave
200

A number that geologists assign to an earthquake based on the earthquakes size

What is magnitude

200

A smaller earthquake that occurs after the main earthquake

What is An Aftershock

300
A force that pushes on or squeezes a material.
What is compression
300
A type of seismic wave that forms when P waves and S waves reach the Earth's surface
What is a Surface wave
300

A scale that rates an earthquake’s magnitude based on the size of its seismic waves.

What is the Ritcher Scale

300

The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake

What is the focus

400
A type of stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions. It causes rock to break and slip apart or to change shape.
What is shearing
400
A compression wave, fastest of seismic waves, that can pass through any substance (gas, liquid or solid.)
What is P-wave
400

A device that records ground movements caused by seismic waves as they move through Earth.

What is a seismograph

400

the shaking and trembling the results from the movement of rock beneath earth's surface

What is an earthquake

500
a wave of energy generated by the earths vibration
What are seismic waves
500

The water displaced by the earthquake may form a large wave called this

What is a tsunami

500

A scale that rates earthquakes by estimating the total energy released by an earthquake.

What is the Moment Magnitude Scale

500

A fold in rock that bends downward to form a valley.

What is syncline

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