Layers of Earth
Plate boundaries
Plate tectonics
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
100
Which compositional layer of the Earth is the thinnest?
The crust
100
Most divergent boundaries lie under the world's oceans. Which of these is a process that occurs at divergent boundaries: subduction of old crust, formation of new crust, plates slide past each other, or continental collisions occur?
Formation of new crust
100
Scientists think continents were once a large single landmass that broke apart and then the continents slowly drifted to their present locations. What is the name given to this theory?
Continental drift
100
What happens at a convergent tectonic plate boundary?
Two tectonic plates collide with one another, causing subduction and or mountain building?
100
What is the difference between magma and lave?
Magma is hot and inside a volcano and lava is cooling and outside of a volcano.
200
How is the outer core different than the inner core?
The outer core is liquid and the inner core is solid.
200
Subduction is one plate pushing underneath another plate. If an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide, which one will push underneath the other one and why.
The oceanic plate will push under because it is denser
200
Tectonic plates pushing into each other is what kind of boundary?
Convergent boundary
200
Define epicenter.
The position on the Earth's surface where an earthquake begins
200
What is the difference between active and dormant volcanoes?
Active volcanoes have recently erupted or on the verge of erupting and dormant volcanoes haven't erupted in hundreds of years.
300
Going from inner layer to outer layer, name the 4 compositional layers.
The inner core, the outer core, the mantle, and the crust
300
When an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide, what is formed on the continental plate?
Mountains
300
What happens at a transform boundary?
Two plates move horizontally past one another
300
An Earthquake in City A registers 5.6, City B 7.8, and City C 6.8. Which city had the strongest earthquake?
City B
300
What are the three types of volcanoes?
Shield, Cinder cone, and Composite
400
The Earth's core is made up of mainly two elements, name them.
Nickel and iron
400
Explain a convection current.
The transfer of energy from a region of lower temperature to a region of higher temperature
400
What is the major reason there are no major earthquakes recorded in the interior of the continent of Africa?
The entire continent of Africa is located on a single continental tectonic plate
400
What causes the plates to move?
Convection currents in the mantle
400
What is a hot spot?
A region of volcanic activity located in the middle of a tectonic plate.
500
This physical layer is divided into pieces called tectonic plates.
The lithosphere
500
Describe a divergent boundary.
Plates separate
500
How do continents move?
Continents move along with the plate they are part of
500

'P' waves are the primary waves and 's' waves are secondary waves. Explain what 'p' and 's' waves are.

P arrive first and can travel through both solids and liquids. They move from side to side.

S arrive second and can only travel through solids. They move side to side, as well as up and down.

500
What and where is the Ring of Fire?
A zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that outline the Pacific Rim.
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