Forces in Earth's Crust part one
Forces in Earth's Crust part two
Earthquakes and Seismic Waves
Monitoring earth's quakes
Earthquake Safety
100
Stress is a force that acts on an area of rock to change its shape or volume.
What is stress?
100
Hanging-wall is the rock that lies above. Footwall is the rock that lies beneath.
What is a hanging-wall and footwall?
100
An earthquake is the shaking that results from the sudden movement of rock along a fault.
What is an earthquake?
100
The pattern of lines called a seismogram, is the record of an earthquake's seismic waves produced by a seismograph.
What is a seismogram?
100
By locating where faults are active, where past earthquakes have occurred, and where the most damaged was caused.
How do geologists determine earthquake risk?
200
Tension is a type of stress that pulls on crust, stretching rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle.
What is tension?
200
Anticline and syncline describe the upward/downward movement of rock. Anticline is upward. Syncline is downward.
What is anticline and what is syncline?
200
A focus is the area beneath the earths surface where rock is under stress breaks, triggering an earthquake.
What is a focus?
200
Friction is the force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across another surface.
What is friction?
200
Includes shaking, liquefaction, aftershocks, and tsunamis.
What is the cause of earthquake damage?
300
Compression is a type of force that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks.
What is compression?
300
A plateau is a large area of flat land elevated high above sea level.
what is a plateau?
300
An epicenter is the point on the surface directly above the focus.
What is an epicenter?
300
There are 4 instruments that monitor faults.
How many instruments are there that monitor faults?
300
The best way is to drop, cover, and hold
What is the best way to protect yourself?
400
Shearing is a type of stress that pushes rock in 2 opposite directions.
What is shearing?
400
fault-block mt.
When 2 normal faults cut through a block of rock, a ______ forms.
400
Seismic waves carry energy from an earthquake away from the focus , through the earth's interior and across the surface.
How does the energy of an earthquake travel through earth?
400
Tilt-meter measures horizontal movement.
Which measures horizontal movement?
400
Your neck.
What should you cover when in a earthquake?
500
Faults occur along plate boundaries. There are 3 types of faults: normal, reverse, and strike-slip faults.
Where do faults occur, how many types of faults are there and their names?
500
folding, stretching, uplifting, anticlines, synclines, folded mt., fault-block mt., plateaus.
Over millions of years, forces of plate movements can change a flat plain into landforms produced by ______, ________ and________ earth's crust. These landforms include _______ and _________, ________, __________ and _______
500
3: P waves - compress and expand, S waves - side to side, up and down, Surface waves - rolls like ocean.
How many types of waves are there, name them and tell the direction of each wave.
500
A wire is stretched across a fault. One side of the wire is anchored to a post. The other is attached to a weight that can slide if the fault moves.
How does the Creep Meter work?
500
New buildings must be made stronger and more flexible. Old buildings may be modified to withstand stronger quakes.
What should you do to rescue earthquake damage?
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