Weathering & Erosion
the physical or chemical breakdown of rocks and minerals
What is weathering?
This type of rock forms when melted rock cools and crystallizes.
What is an igneous rock?
This supercontinent broke into pieces millions of years ago to become the modern continents.
What is Pangaea?
In order for water to infiltrate the ground, the surface materials must posses these two properties.
What are Porosity & Permeability?
This property of water allows water to travel through tiny spaces in soil and into the roots of plants.
What is capillary action?
The physical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces through physical forces
What is mechanical weathering?
These rocks form from particles compacted and cemented together over time.
What are sedimentary rocks?
These are the three types of plate boundaries.
What are convergent, divergent, and transform?
Soil is composed of these four things. Their percentages vary by location.
What are minerals, organic matter, water, and air?
This step of the of the water cycle will increase if the average temperature of the Earth continues to increase?
What is evaporation?
Process where rocks break down through chemical reactions, changing their mineral composition
What is Chemical weathering?
This process transforms rocks through heat and pressure (without melting them).
What is metamorphism?
At this plate boundary, plates move together and the old crust is deformed or destroyed.
What is convergent?
This is when water flows over the surface, carrying away sediments to new locations.
What is runoff?
Urban landscapes will experience more of this due to the paved, non-porous surfaces.
What is runoff?
This is the process where natural forces move rocks and soil from one location to another.
What is erosion?
This part of the rock cycle occurs when sediments settle out of water or air, forming a collection that can later turn into a rock.
What is deposition?
At this type of plate boundary, plates slides side-by-side, causing earthquakes.
What is a transform boundary?
This process happens when the ground is permeable, and water soaks into the top soil layers.
What is infiltration?
A rock found near a volcano is probably this type of rock.
What is igneous rock?
These four forces cause different types of erosion.
What are water, wind, ice, and gravity?
This is the location where metamorphism usually occurs.
What is under mountains?
The movement of the plates is caused by this process in the mantle.
What is convection?
In order for this to happen, water has to pass through ground materials slowly. Without it, humans may not have a safe water supply.
What is purification?
Trenches are located at this type of plate boundary.
What is a convergent boundary?