Don't Rock the Boat
What are the 3 types of rocks that we talked about?
Sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous
Metamorphic rocks form under intense ______ and ______________.
Heat and pressure.
What is an earthquake?
It is the shaking of Earth caused by a sudden breaking of large blocks of rock in Earth’s crust.
Describe a diverging boundary.
It is when plates are moving apart.
A mineral is a _______ substance that forms naturally as a solid in Earth.
Pure
__________ rocks form when hot molten rock cools.
Igneous.
This boundary is when plates come together.
Converging Boundary.
What is the boundary called when plates slide along each other?
A transform boundary.
This device measures and records the motion of an earthquake.
Seismograph
Compare the epicentre to the focus of an earthquake.
Epicentre - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
Focus - the first place that the rocks break below the surface of an earthquake.
This type of current happens below the Earth and causes the plates to move.
Convective Currents
Land usage depends on the soil and its _________.
Fertility.
A Richter scale measures the _____________.
Magnitude
One soil characteristic is texture. Describe what texture means in this context.
It is how smooth or sharp the grains of soil are and how big they are.
Describe sedimentary rocks
These are rocks that have formed by layers and layers of sediment getting compressed and cemented together.
A theory that explains that the ocean floor is moving away from the ocean ridges and toward deep trenches.
There are two type of things that could happen at a converging boundary, they are...
-At an ocean trench, plates collide and cause a volcano to form near the water.
-At two continents they collide and cause land to buckle creating mountains.
Describe streak and lustre.
Streak – the colour of its powder.
Lustre – how mineral reflects light
Describe metamorphic rocks
these are rocks that have undergone some sort of change, by heat and pressure, and are no longer the same as they were before
What soil characteristic is the basic materials that living things need to survive? Plants can only absorb them if they are dissolved in water.
Nutrient content.
The term to describe the movement of rock materials and soil by water, wind or ice.
Erosion
Explain how rocks and minerals are related.
All rocks are made up of minerals
There are 4 properties of rocks that we talked about and looked at, they are...
Colour, lustre, streak and hardness
Compare mechanical weathering to chemical weathering.
Mechanical Weathering – rock is broken apart by physical forces, such as water or wind
Chemical Weathering – wearing down of rocks by the combined action of water and chemical substances in the air
In the rock cycle, what is the step in-between liquid magma and igneous rock?
Cooling.