Layers of the Earth
What layer of the Earth is made mostly of SOLID iron and nickel?
Inner Core
The machine used to measure the strength of seismic waves is called a ________________.
Seismograph
What is a dormant volcano?
An active volcano that is not currently erupting, but scientists expect it to erupt again in the future.
Transform Boundary
Tectonic plates that slide past each other.
What is continental drift?
The theory that all the continents were once together called Pangea and over time have drifted apart.
Earths crust is made up of about ____________ major tectonic plates.
A. 6
B. 25
C. 52
D. 12
D. 12
A smaller unpredictable earthquake after the larger main earthquake is called a _____________.
A. Small Quake
B. Aftershock
C. Shake Quake
D. After Quake
B. Aftershock
What is a composite volcano?
A. A large volcano formed from several layers of lava and ash.
B. A large volcano with a flat slope that allows lava to flow long distances.
A. A large volcano formed from several layers of lava and ash.
Convergent Boundary
Tectonic plates that move towards one another
What is subduction?
When tectonic plates converge and the denser one slides under the less dense one.
A. 50%
B. 33%
C. 67%
D. 25%
C. 67%
The Richter scale is used to determine the strength of an earthquake. The Richter scale ranges from ___ to ____.
A. I to X
B. 0.0 to 100.0
C. 1.0 to 10.0
D. A to Z
C. 1.0 to 10.0
Mount St. Helens in ___________ erupted in 1980 and sent ash hundreds of miles away.
Washington
Divergent Boundary
Tectonic plates that move away from each other
What is convection?
Transfer of heat through a gas or liquid. Example: The mantle material moving within a current.
Which of these sentences is correct?
1. The inner core is liquid and the outer core is solid.
2. The inner core is solid and the outer core is liquid.
2. The inner core is solid and the outer core is liquid.
The area around the Pacific Ocean (Pacific Plate) that contains a large portion of Earth's volcanoes and earthquakes is called the __________________________.
"Ring of Fire"
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma= below (the Earth), lava= flow (above the Earth)
What are the 4 layers of the Earth? Say them in order from outside working your way inside.
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
What process creates deep sea trenches and volcanoes?
Subduction
__________________ was a supercontinent that existed between 200-300 million years ago until it slowly began to drift apart.
Pangea
A destructive wave created by underwater earthquakes or volcanoes is called a _______________.
Tsunami
During a science experiment at school, Grace, Jackson, and Priya set up seismographs to record earthquake waves. Which waves would their seismographs detect first?
Primary Waves (P-Waves)
When a volcano is no longer active and unlikely to erupt again is called ____________________.
Extinct
What is the area magma is stored underground during a volcano?
Magma Chamber