Parts of a Volcano
Earth's Layers
Pangea
Tectonic Plates
Vocab
100
What is lava?
Lava is magma that flows out onto Earth's surface.
100

What's the top layer of the earth's surface called?

crust

100

What scientist first proposed the idea of Pangea?

Alfred Wegener

100

Where do most volcanoes occur?

Most volcanoes, like most earthquakes, occur along the boundaries between shifting tectonic plates.

100

What does a geoengineer do

build bridges, landfills, road way systems
200
What are magma chambers?
Magma chambers are reservoirs from which volcanic materials erupt.
200

Which is the correct order of the earth's layers starting from the inside and going outwards?

Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust

200
Name two continents that were at one time connected.

South America and Africa

200

Why does the rock in the mantle melt?

As the tectonic plate moves under another (subduction zone), the rock in the mantle melts and becomes magma.

200

also called a quake, tremor, or temblor – is the shaking of the Earth's surface resulting from a sudden

Earthquake

300
what is a vent? where is it located?
Openings through which volcanic materials erupt are called vents. They are located near the peak of the mountain.
300

the upper layer of the earth's mantle

aesthenosphere

300

What ocean grew larger as a result of Pangea splitting apart?

Atlantic Ocean

300

How many tectonic plates does the Earth have?

15

8 major

7 minor

300
Define hot spot
a small area or region with a relatively hot temperature in comparison to its surroundings


400
What are craters?
Craters are bowl-shaped depressions. Forceful explosions may blow out the tops of mountains to form craters.
400

Most of the earth's mass is contained in the:

Mantle

400

What evidence exists that suggest their was once one supercontinent?

Fossils, climate patterns, similar plant life on continents far away

400

What features owe their origin to plate movements?

Volcanoes, earthquakes, mountains,

400

Define dormant

not active

500

What is ash made of

glass, rocks, sufur dioxide

500

Scientist believe that the inner core is made mostly of:

Iron

500

Pangea existed about

100 million years

500

How do hot spots form new land? Name a landform created by hot spots.

Hot spots erupt and release magma. As magma comes out it becomes lava and hardens into landforms. Hawaiian islands are created by hot spots.

500

Describe the theory of continental drift

One giant supercontinent called Pangea

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