MAPS AND NAVIGATION
This is the best type of map to use when navigating a neighborhood with houses, schools, and stores.
road map
This narrow, deep landform carved by erosion is a geological canyon.
canyon
a type of rock made from molten lava
Igneous
the process that wears away or breaks down rock
weathering
These two tools are essential for ensuring a map is easy to use for navigation.
compass rose and a map scale
an area in Earth's crust where tectonic plates meet
fault
a type of rock that formed when particles, such as dirt, sand, and fossils, settled into layers and became compressed
sedimentary
the process where particles are removed from land by wind, ice, or water
erosion
This type of map is especially useful for showing changes in elevation and terrain.
topographic map
a long, narrow, sunken area of the ocean floor
trench
a type of rock formed when particles of other rocks are combined by great pressure and very high temperatures
metamorphic
How does water contribute to both weathering and erosion?
Water contributes to weathering through chemical reactions like dissolving minerals and physical processes like freezing and expanding in cracks. It causes erosion by carrying sediments away in rivers, streams, and ocean currents.
This feature of a map uses small images to represent real-world places or objects.
Symbol
a steep hill with a small, flat top
butte
Properties of minerals
color, streak, luster, crystal form, hardness, cleavage, fracture, density
Describe how wind causes erosion.
Wind erodes by carrying small particles like sand, which wear away rocks and surfaces through abrasion.
This type of map provides images of the Earth's surface taken from space, showing real-world locations and features.
satellite map
something that appears or happens in the same way again and again
pattern
What are the two types of minerals?
metals and gems
Explain how acid rain causes chemical weathering.
Acid rain forms when rainwater mixes with pollutants like sulfur dioxide, creating acids that dissolve minerals in rocks, weakening and breaking them down.