Investigation #1
List the layers of the Earth in the correct order, starting with the outer most layer.
What are the crust, mantle, outer core, inner core?
The walls of the Grand Canyon appear to have stripes because they are different __________.
What are layers of different types of rocks?
Earth materials that are eroded and carried away by water and wind are called __________.
What are sediments?
The name of a type of sedimentary rock that is made of small particles of sand and/or other rocks is called ____________.
What is sandstone?
__________ is a specific type of rock that forms from layers of mud and/or clay hardening over time.
What is shale?
This layer is the most dense.
What is the inner core?
Place the three landforms in the correct order of when they formed. The landform that formed first should be listed first.
The Grand Canyon
The Colorado Plateau
The Colorado River
What is the
1) The Colorado Plateau
2) The Colorado River
3) The Grand Canyon
____________ occurs when rocks collide into each other and break into small pieces but do not change what they are made of.
What is an physical weathering?
You'd find mostly this type of sediment at the end of a very long river. A. Cobbles, B. Sand. C. Pebbles, D. Silt
What is Silt?
This specific type of rock has a chemical reaction with hydrochloric acid.
What is limestone?
These three things all increase as you move towards the inner core.
What are temperature, pressure and density?
A low lying area of the Earth's surface where sediment is deposited and settles is called a __________.
What is basin?
_________ occurs when particles of rock are weathered, eroded and then settle into a basin.
What is deposition?
The final stage in the formation of a sedimentary rock is __________.
What is cementation?
This states that the lower a rock is in horizontal layers, the older it is.
What is the law of superposition?
We know about the four layers of the Earth because of __________ and __________. (Be specific)
What is direct evidence from rock samples and indirect evidence from seismic waves?
The process that moves sediment by wind and/or water.
What is erosion?
The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces by a chemical reaction is _________.
What is chemical weathering?
Which came first, sand or sandstone? Explain why in your response.
What is sand? Sand is just a size of rock, all rocks can be weathered, eroded and turned into sedimentary rocks through deposition and compaction like sandstone.
When mixed with hydrochloric acid, the __________ in the rock reacts and releases carbon dioxide bubbles.
What is calcite?
The Earth's crust is approximately ________ km thick.
What is 5-70 km?
This type of limestone made up layer 4 of the Grand Canyon diagram we observed. A. Kaibab, B. Toroweap, C. Red wall, D. Muav.
What is Muav Limestone?
The name of the dam that is opened periodically to flood the Grand Canyon is called.
What is the Glen Canyon Dam?
What is the major factor in the formation of the Grand Canyon?
What is erosion by the Colorado River?
The chemical name of calcite is __________.
What is calcium carbonate?