Earth's Layers
Which layer of Earth is made mainly of iron and nickel?
The core.
This is the rocky outer layer of Earth and the home of most living things.
Lithosphere
What causes tectonic plates to move slowly on the asthenosphere?
Convection.
Which tectonic plate covers most of Mexico?
The North American Plate.
What is the largest animal in the world?
The blue whale.
Which type of crust is approximately 10 km thick?
Oceanic crust.
Which type of crust forms mountains and is approximately 60 km thick?
Continental crust.
What type of plate movement occurs when two plates slide past each other?
Transform movement.
Which tectonic plate includes the Baja California Peninsula?
The Pacific Plate.
Which organ pumps blood throughout the human body?
The heart.
Which layer represents more than 80% of Earth's volume?
The mantle.
What are the two main divisions of the mantle?
The upper mantle and the lower mantle.
Which type of plate movement creates mid-ocean ridges?
Divergent movement.
What is the name of the fault identified in the lesson as the boundary between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate?
The San Andreas Fault.
What is the name of the imaginary line that divides Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
The Equator.
What are the two divisions of the core, and what is the state of matter of each?
The outer core is liquid, and the inner core is solid.
Which layer can reach temperatures of up to 6,000 °C?
The core.
When two tectonic plates collide, what type of movement occurs, and what features can form?
Convergent movement; mountains or trenches can form.
A scientist observes two plates moving away from each other. What type of movement is occurring, and what feature can form?
Divergent movement; a mid-ocean ridge can form.
Which planet is known as the Red Planet?
Mars.
A scientist studies a layer that is 2,840 km thick and contains the asthenosphere. Which layer is it?
The mantle.
Name two elements that the crust is mainly made of.
silicon, oxygen, aluminum, or iron.
Earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains can result from this process involving Earth's large moving plates.
Tectonic plate movement.
Name the three types of plate movement and explain how the plates move in each one.
Divergent: plates move apart.
Convergent: plates collide.
Transform: plates slide past each other.
What is the smallest country in the world?
Vatican City