This prevents exploration far below the Earth's surface.
What is Earth's extreme conditions?
100
Where your journey to the center of the Earth begins.
What is the crust?
100
The solid material is found about 40 kilometers beneath the surface.
What is the mantle?
100
After travelling through the mantle you reach this part of the Earth.
What is the core?
200
These layers vary greatly in these four catagories
What are size, composition,temperature, and pressure.
200
Direct evidence from rock samples and indirect evidence from seismic waves.
What are two main types of evidence Geologists use to learn about Earth's interior?
200
This is the layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and ocean floor.
What is the crust?
200
This portion of the mantle averages about 100 km. It is the uppermost part of the mantle and is similar to the crust.
What is the lithosphere?
200
The core is made mostly of these metals.
What are iron and nickel?
300
When Earthquakes occur they create__________
What are seismic waves?
300
From this direct evidence, geologists can make inferences about conditions deep inside Earth.
What are rock samples?
300
The crust is the ____________ under high mountains and the ____________ beneath the ocean floor.
What is thicker and thinnest?
300
In Greek this word means stone.
What is lithos?
300
This is a layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core.
What is the outer core?
400
At 20 meters beneath the surface the temperature begins to increase this is due to these two factors.
What are heat left over from the formation of the planet and radioactive substances inside Earth.
400
Seismic waves that scientists record.
What is an indirect method scientists use to study Earth's interior.
400
This dark rock has a fine texture and is found mainly beneath the ocean.
What is basalt?
400
This area of the mantle is less rigid than the area above it. It is hotter than the area above and can bend like plastic. It's Greek root word means weak.
What is the asthenosphere?
400
This is a dense ball of solid metal. Extreme pressure squeezes the atoms of iron and nickel so they cannot spread out and become liquid.
What is the inner core?
500
Pressure inside Earth increases as you go deeper due to this factor.
What is the weight of the rock above?
500
Using data from seismic waves geologists have learned this about the Earth's interior.
The Earth is made up of several layers.
500
This light and coarse material is found mainly on the continental crust.
What is granite?
500
This layer lies beneath the asthenosphere and extends all the way to the Earth's core.
What is the lower mantle?
500
Scientists believe that movement in the Earth's liquid outer core creates this phenomenon.