Spheres
Layers
Plate Tectonics
Seafloor Spreading
Miscellaneous
100
What "sphere" do we walk on?
We walk on the lithosphere.
100
What layer of the Earth is under intense heat and pressure; thereby causing it to be a solid mass?
The Earth's inner core is under extreme heat and pressure.
100
Which plate boundary causes earthquakes?
Transform plate boundaries cause earthquakes.
100
When the seafloor diverges, what is formed?
New seafloor is created as the crust diverges.
100
Who was the first scientist to propose the idea of continental drift? When was this?
Alfred Wegner was the first scientist to propose the idea of continental drift in 1915.
200
Which "sphere" can be found under the ocean?
The lithosphere extends under the waters of the ocean.
200
Which layers have convection cells?
The mantle and the outer core have convection cells.
200
What plate boundary is formed when two plates are moving towards one another?
When two plates are moving towards one another, a convergent boundary is formed.
200
Which ocean is getting smaller, and which ocean is getting bigger due to seafloor spreading?
The Atlantic Ocean is getting bigger, while the Pacific Ocean is getting smaller.
200
What is the difference between "normal" and "reverse" polarity?
"Normal" polarity is when magnetic North is true North, while "reverse" polarity is when North and South switch.
300
What "sphere" is a combination of the atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere?
The biosphere is a combination of all three "spheres."
300
Which layer has both a cooler, solid part and a warmer, liquid part?
The mantle is both solid and liquid.
300
When there is a weak spot in a tectonic plate, a volcano may form. Over time, this volcano has the potential to build an island. What are these areas of continuous lava producing zones called?
These zones are called hot spots.
300
What are the two differences between seafloor and continental crust? What happens when the seafloor crust collides with the continental crust?
Seafloor crust is dense and thin, while continental crust is thick and less dense. Therefore, when the seafloor meets the continental crust, the seafloor subducts beneath the continental crust.
300
Name three pieces of evidence that Wegner used to prove his theory of plate tectonics.
1.) Matching coastlines 2.) Matching fossils 3.) Matching mountains 4.) Matching rocks 5.) Glacial evidence
400
Name one way the hydrosphere can interact with the atmosphere.
Water can evaporate from a large body of water into the atmosphere on a warm, sunny day.
400
Which layer of the Earth is broken up into brittle pieces? Why is this happening?
The crust is broken up into brittle pieces, due to convection cells.
400
Name one location on Earth where two continental crusts met to form a mountain range.
Two continental crusts met to form the Himalayas in Asia and India.
400
Where are the oldest rocks and fossils found on the seafloor? Why are these rocks and fossils relatively young compared to the age of the Earth?
The oldest rocks and fossils are found near the edges of the oceanic plates. These rocks and fossils are not that old because they have been recycled numerous times.
400
Name two reasons why is the atmosphere necessary for life to exist on Earth.
The atmosphere provides all living things with oxygen and protects us from harmful UV rays.
500
What two gases make up the majority of the atmosphere?
Nitrogen and oxygen are the most abundant gases.
500
How does convection in the outer core and mantle take place?
The inner core heats up the magma in the outer core, causing it to rise and fall due to density differences. The same occurs in the mantle, except this is due to the heat given off by the outer core.
500
Name the three plate boundaries, describe their motion, and show me their motion with your hands.
Convergent boundaries come together, while divergent boundaries spread apart, and transform boundaries slide past one another.
500
What two features are formed as a result of dense oceanic crust being pulled under less dense continental crust?
Trenches and volcanoes form as a result of subduction.
500
What is the area around the Pacific Ocean called, and why is it home to 75% of the Earth's volcanoes?
This area is called the Ring of Fire. This area is home to 75% of the Earth's volcanoes because the Pacific Plate is subducting under its surrounding plates.
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