Earth's Layers
Plate Tectonics
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Vocabulary
100
Which best describes Earth's crust?
a. it is composed of rigid continental and oceanic plates
b. it is stationary and unable to move
c. it is located between the inner and outer core
d. it is thicker than the mantle and the core
a. it is composed of rigid continental and oceanic plates
100
What causes the movement of tectonic plates?
a. gravitational pull between Earth and the Moon
b. convection occurring beneath Earth's crust
c. energy produced by earthquakes within the Earth
d. rotation of liquid rock found within the core.
b. convection occurring beneath Earth's crust
100
An earthquake is related to a crack in the crust called a(n)
a. fault
b. fracture
c. splinter
d. crevasse
a. fault
100
Where is the majority of Earth's volcanoes located?
a. the cost of Antarctica
b. the Seismic Belt
c. the Ring of Fire
d. America's Rift Zone
c. the Ring of Fire
100
Pangea
supercontinent; all continents were connected as a single landmass
200
Without the outer core, life could not exist on Earth. Why is this?
a. The outer core contains the atmosphere which living organisms need.
b. The outer core contains molten Iron which creates a protective magnetic shield around Earth.
c. The outer core contains water, which living organisms need.
d. The outer core contains molten Iron which creates a gravitational force to keep Earth orbiting the Sun..
b. The outer core contains molten Iron which creates a protective magnetic shield around Earth.
200
Which most likely occurs when two continental plates are pushed into one another?
a. The plates will stop moving.
b. The plates will form a trench.
c. The plates will form a mountain.
d. The plates will break into pieces.
c. The plates will form a mountain
200
The type of seismic waves that arrive at the surface first and move by compressing and expanding the ground like an accordion are called
a. S waves
b. P waves
c. Surface waves
d. Mercalli waves
b. P waves
200
Formation of the Hawaiian Islands is one example of
a. the Ring of Fire
b. Volcanoes forming over a hot spot
c. Volcanoes forming along a plate boundary
d. Mid-Ocean Ridge formation
b. Volcanoes forming over a hot spot
200
Continental Drift
Alfred Wegner's hypothesis that states all continents were once together and slowly drifted apart
300
What statement best describes the layer deep inside Earth?
a. The solid inner core is surrounded by a liquid outer core.
b. The liquid inner core is surrounded by a solid outer core.
c. Both the inner and outer core are liquid.
d. Both the inner and outer core are solid.
The solid inner core is surrounded by a liquid outer core.
300
Which best explains the movement of tectonic plates?
a. They move several miles a year because of convection within Earth.
b. They move several centimeters a year because of convection within Earth.
c. They move several feet a year because of conduction within Earth.
d. They move several kilometers a year because of convection within Earth.
b. They move several centimeters a year because of convection within Earth.
300
At which location would earthquakes be least likely to occur?
1
300
If a volcano's magma is high in silica, the volcano will probably
a. erupt quietly
b. remain dormant
c. erupt explosively
d. become extinct
c. erupt explosively
300
Transform Boundary
plates slide past each other
400
What is the correct order of Earth's Layers (starting at the surface).
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
400
According to Wegner's hypothesis of continental drift
a. Earth's surface is made up of seven major landmasses.
b. the continents do not move
c. Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking
d. the continents were once joined together in a single landmass
d. the continents were once joined together in a single landmass
400
The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is called
a. syncline
b. footwall
c. epicenter
d. focus
d. focus
400
A volcano that may erupt again at some time in the distant future is
a. active
b. dormant
c. explosive
d. extinct
b. dormant
400
Subduction Zone
A collision between two of Earth’s tectonic plates, where one plate sinks into the mantle underneath the other plate
500
Which statement is true about the mantle?
a. it is the thinnest layer
b. it is completely solid
c. it is hotter than the crust
d. the rock inside never moves
c. it is hotter than the crust
500
The geological theory that states that pieces of earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of
a. subduction
b. plate tectonics
c. Pangea
d. sea-floor spreading
b. plate tectonics
500
Which scale would most likely be used to tell how much earthquake damage was done to homes and other buildings?
a. the Richter Scale
b. the Mercalli Scale
c. the Seismic Scale
d. the Magnitude Scale
b. the Mercalli Scale
500
This type of plate boundary has no volcanic activity.
Transform Boundary
500
Lithosphere
litho=rock; layer of crustal plates (oceanic and continental)