Volcanoes
Why do volcanoes erupt?
when molten rock called magma rises to the surface.
Which is the correct order for the layers of the Earth?
the crust, the mantle, the outer core and then the inner core.
What causes earthquakes?
result of sudden movement along faults within the Earth.
What is a tsunami?
a long high sea wave caused by an earthquake
What are the four major layers on the Earth's core?
the inner core, the outer core, the mantle and the crust.
How are volcanoes formed?
Volcanoes are formed when magma from within the Earth's upper mantle works its way to the surface.
Which is the thinnest layer of the Earth?
Crust
How do earthquakes cause damage?
from ground shaking, ground rupture, landslides, tsunamis, and liquefaction.
How do earthquakes generate tsunamis?
shallow, great earthquakes at subductions zones
What is the Earth's core made up of?
iron
What causes an earthquake?
result of sudden movement along faults within the Earth.
Earth’s outer core is
mostly composed of liquid iron and nickel.
Where do earthquakes occur?
the edges of the Pacific Ocean
How do volcanic eruptions generate tsunamis?
underwater explosions and shock waves caused by large explosions
What are the Tectonic Plates?
ies in the composition of the rocks
What is a fault?
A fault is an area of stress in the earth where broken rocks slide past each other, causing a crack in the Earth’s surface.
Heat transfer within a fluid takes place by
convection
What is the "magnitude" of an earthquake?
a measure of the size of the earthquake source
How often do tsunamis occur?
every 10-12 years on average.
How thick is the mantle?
approximately 2,900 km thick
What is the difference between lava and magma?
Scientists use the term magma for molten rock that is underground and lava for molten rock that breaks through the Earth's surface
What is Pangaea?
What is the difference between the "magnitude" and the "intensity" of an earthquake?
The Richter Magnitude Scale measures the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake. ... Intensity is how well you receive the signal, which can depend on your distance from the energy source, the local conditions, and the pathway the signal has to take to reach you.
How fast do tsunamis travel?
500 mph
What is a hot spot?
a small area or region with a relatively hot temperature in comparison to its surroundings