Aqua
Most water on Earth is saltwater. How much of all water on Earth is freshwater?
3% of all water on Earth is freshwater
Atmospheric pressure decreases as you increase in altitude, what happens with temperature as you go up in altitude?
Atmospheric temperature varies as altitude increases.
Plants store water in their leaves. Leaves have small openings called stomata. When the sun warms plants, it causes water to evaporate out of the leaves through the small openings. What is this process called?
Transpiration
Wind that blows north and south is always bent or curved due to the rotation of Earth. What is the phenomena called?
The Coriolis Effect
This gas is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere.
Nitrogen
•Saltwater is only found in liquid form on Earth.
Nearly 80% of all of the gas found in the atmosphere is contained in this layer.
The troposphere
If there was too much or too little of this gas in the atmosphere, air pressure would change.
Nitrogen
•Ocean currents can be warm or cold. In general which way do warm currents and cool currents flow in?
•Warm currents flow away from the equator (in general).
•Cool currents flow towards the equator (in general).
As you increase in altitude, there is less air above you and thus, there is less what exerted on you?
What two things does water on Earth help to maintain or keep stable?
Water helps maintain Earth’s temperature and climate so that living things can survive on the planet
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Why does it get so hot in the thermosphere?
It gets very hot in the thermosphere because molecules absorb highly energetic solar radiation.
In this atmospheric layer, temperatures can plummet to -100°C.
The mesosphere is the middle layer and its is very cold in this layer. Meteors that enter this atmosphere, burn up in this layer.
There are five of these and they are circular patterns of ocean currents. What are they called?
Gyres
Clouds are large collections of tiny “cloud droplets.” Cloud droplets are droplets of water that condense on particles of these two things in the sky.
Dust and smoke
Water in the soil will be taken up by plants. Plants take up water in soil through their roots. This is called what?
Absorption
The atmosphere thins out to a vacuum in this atmospheric layer.
In other words, Earth’s atmosphere merges with outer space in the exosphere. Objects in the exosphere are still influenced by Earth’s gravity.
There are many trace gases such as neon, helium and methane. Name three trace gases in our atmosphere.
Water Vapor, Carbon Dioxide and Ozone are trace gases
What are the 4 important factors that influence ocean currents?
1.Wind
2.Coriolis Effect
3.Temperature
4.Density
Name the three main types of clouds based on altitude from low lying, middle to high clouds.
3.Cirrus clouds: Cirrus clouds are high clouds. These clouds are found above 18,000 meters
2.Alto clouds: Alto clouds are middle clouds. These clouds are found between 6,000 and 20,000 meters.
1.Stratus clouds: Stratus clouds are low clouds. These clouds are found at 6,000 meters or below.
Water is the most vital and needed substance on Earth for three reasons. What are the three reasons?
1.All living things need water to survive
2.Water provides a habitat for many organisms to live in
3.Water helps maintain Earth’s temperature and climate so that living things can survive on the planet
Why does wind occur?
Wind is due to uneven heating of Earth by the sun.
These clouds are white, puffy clouds, they are considered “fair weather” clouds, the top of the clouds are rounded and the bottom is flat, they group upward and can form cumulonimbus clouds
Cumulus
Similar to wind, ocean currents flow this way in the northern hemisphere and this way in the southern hemisphere.
The Coriolis effect causes ocean currents in the Northern hemisphere to flow clockwise. It causes ocean currents in the Southern hemisphere to flow counterclockwise.
What directions do the winds in the northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere spin in due to the Coriolis Effect?
•The Coriolis effect causes winds in the Northern hemisphere to spin clockwise or deflect to the right.
•The Coriolis effect causes winds in the Southern hemisphere to spin counterclockwise or deflect to the left.