Early Theories
This scientist first suggested the Americas were once connected to Europe and Africa.
Who is Ortelius?
The three main layers of Earth.
What are crust, mantle, and core?
The giant underwater mountain chain where new crust forms.
What is the mid-ocean ridge?
The theory that plates move across Earth’s surface.
What is plate tectonics?
Plates that collide form this type of boundary.
What is convergent?
Ortelius thought earthquakes and floods caused this to happen to the continents.
What is being torn apart/separating?
This type of crust is thinner.
What is oceanic crust?
Magma cools and forms this at ridges.
What is new lithosphere or new crust?
The rigid pieces of lithosphere are called this.
What are tectonic plates?
Plates that pull apart form this type.
What is divergent?
This scientist proposed continental drift.
Who is Alfred Wegener?
Scientists study these earthquake vibrations to learn about Earth’s interior.
What are seismic waves?
The seafloor closest to the ridge is this age.
What is the youngest?
Plates move at this speed.
What is very slowly?
Plates sliding past each other form this type.
What is transform?
Wegener named the ancient supercontinent this.
What is Pangaea?
Seismic waves change this when moving through different densities.
What is speed or direction?
Old, dense crust sinks into the mantle at these locations.
What are trenches?
Hot material rising and cool material sinking in the mantle is called this.
What is convection (mantle convection)?
Landforms created at convergent boundaries.
What are mountains, volcanoes, or trenches?
Two types of evidence Wegener used to support his idea. (of continental drift)
What are fossils, matching rocks, or mountain ranges? (any two)
This technology uses sound waves to map the seafloor.
What is sonar?
Name the process where new crust forms and pushes older crust away
What is seafloor spreading?
Three mechanisms that explain how continents move.
Answers will vary....
The type of boundary most likely to cause earthquakes.
What is transform? (accept convergent too with explanation)