Jupiter Recognize!
The ocean tides on Earth are caused by the positions of the Moon and Sun. Why does the position of Jupiter not strongly affect the ocean tides?
Because Jupiter is very far away.
_______ rock is formed when debris is buried, compressed and cemented together.
Sedimentary
What kind of landform is surrounded by water on all sides but one?
Peninsula
What force holds galaxies together?
Gravity
Each day, changes take place in the atmosphere. All these frequent changes are called _______.
Weather
A star is born when gas and dust from a nebula become so dense and hot that nuclear fusion starts. Which of the following forces is responsible for the formation of a star?
Gravitation
The main agents that cause metamorphic rocks to form are
heat and pressure
Give an example of physical weathering?
Answers may vary
The Sun is
a medium-sized star
Water is cooler near the poles and warmer near the equator. Movement of cooler and warmer water from these regions moderates the global climate. Which of the following describes the movement of water between the poles and the equator?
Ocean currents
What is the largest body in the Solar System
the Sun
What two elements are the most abundant in the Earth's crust?
Silicon and oxygen
Valleys form mainly from
weathering and erosion by rivers or glaciers
The _______ is the layer of the Sun that emits the visible light we see. This layer can be considered as the lowermost part of the Sun's atmosphere.
Photosphere
Which of the following best explains why coastal regions generally have more moderate air temperatures than inland regions of the same latitude?
The ocean has a moderating effect on the area.
Light travels at a constant speed of about 300,000 km/s. This speed is referred to as the speed of light.
A light year is the distance that light travels in one year. One light year is equal to 9.46 trillion kilometers. The closest star to Earth, other than the Sun, is Proxima Centauri. It takes light from this star about 4.2 years to reach Earth.
How far from Earth is the star Proxima Centauri?
4.2 light years
Earth is approximately 4.5 billion years old. Is it likely that any of the rocks that were on Earth's surface when it first formed are still in existence?
No, rock material is constantly recycled on Earth's surface through the rock cycle.
During spring in Colorado, ice on the mountain tops melts into water. Some of this water gets trapped in cracks in the mountain rocks. With winter, the water in the cracks refreezes into ice. When water freezes, it expands. This often will cause the cracks in the rocks to grow, and eventually, pieces of rock break off. What type of weathering is taking place?
Physical Weathering
The corona is
the outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere.
The Gulf Stream passes from the Gulf of Mexico, northward along the coast of eastern North America, and eastward toward Ireland, the United Kingdom, and Scandinavia. Without the Gulf Stream, these regions would be colder than they are. How does the Gulf Stream keep these regions warm?
It brings warm water, which heats the overlying air.
Different seasons arise as the Earth revolves around the Sun because the Earth's axis is tilted. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun, what seasons will the two hemispheres be experiencing?
The Northern Hemisphere will be in summer, and the Southern Hemisphere will be in winter.
The hard and brittle outer layer of the Earth is known as the _______.
Lithosphere
The Selenga River flows into Lake Baikal in Russia. The river flows from the southeast and empties into the lake in the northern part. Where the river enters the lake, it branches into many channels and has deposited a large, fan-shaped feature extending out from the shore. What is this feature?
A delta
Immediately above the Sun's photosphere is the _______, which is the Sun's lower atmosphere
Chromosphere
Due to the Earth's shape and orientation, areas near the Equator receive the greatest amount of energy from the Sun. Ocean currents ______
help to distribute this energy by warming other regions of the globe