Vocabulary
unrefined oil
petroleum
process of redirecting water to crops using channels and ditches
irrigation
to keep animals as a source of labor and food
domesticate
an Egyptian King
pharoah
How did the Nile River help early civilizations form?
it provided fertile land for farming, a source of food and water, and a means of transportation.
very hot and dry
arid
flat area of land next to a stream or river that floods
alluvial plain
a god or goddess
deity
a large stone monument built in specific geometrics shape
pyramid
What contributions did ancient Egyptians make to human knowledge?
They developed a sophisticated calendar, advanced measurement techniques, and practical medical knowledge, including surgery and treatments for illnesses.
the shift from gathering food to growing food
agricultural revolution
a series of rulers in the same family
dynasty
the name of the Egyptian sun god
Re
Why did Mesopotamia become a cultural hearth?
due to its fertile lands and the innovative developments that emerged there, particularly in agriculture, writing, and city life
fine soil particles that make land fertile
silt
an independent political unit
city-state
hieroglyphics
The ruler who established a code of law during the Babylonian period
Hammurabi
What are the significant cultural contributions of the Sumerian and Babylonian civilizations?
the invention of writing (cuneiform), the development of law codes (like the Code of Hammurabi), the creation of monumental architecture (ziggurats), and the advancement of mathematics and astronomy.
cannot reproduce quickly enough to keep pace with its use
nonrenewable
a form of early writing
cuneiform
a paper-like material made from plants
papyrus
3 main rivers in the regions of Mesopotamia and Egypt
Nile, Tigris, Euphrates
Give 4 test taking strategies on the day of the test
read all answers
eliminate answers
read the entire test
answer easy questions first
go back to answer questions you skipped
check your work
write in complete sentences
don't rush
usually your first answer is your best answer