Nervous System
What are the parts of the central nervous system (CNS)?
brain, spinal cord, brainstem
What structure describes interconnected nerve pathways that supply sensorimotor innervation to the upper extremity?
Brachial Plexus
Which type of lever is most common in the human body
3rd class
What is an action of the buccinator?
Contracts the cheeks to narrow the mouth
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31
Which nervous system is known for "fight or flight"?
Sympathetic nervous system
The brachial plexus begins with the ventral rami of which spinal nerve roots?
C5-T1
This term refers to an injury where a peripheral nerve is stretched or compressed, causing a temporary block in nerve signals.
neuropraxia
What term refers to the movement of joint surfaces relative to one another?
arthrokinematics
What term refers to a bundle of axons transmitting a similar type of information within the spinal cord?
Tract
These structures conduct information toward the cell body:
Dendrites
The clinical term for nerve compression of the brachial plexus at the neck and shoulder region is
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Which movement takes place in the sagittal plane?
flexion and extension
What purpose do dermatomes serve in clinical assessment?
identify location of nerve root compression.
A radial nerve impairment may result in:
loss of active wrist and finger extension
The autonomic nervous system is responsible for what three things?
1. regulation of metabolism
2. increasing or decreasing cardiovascular activity
3. initiating fight-or-flight response
Which cranial nerves are responsible for moving the eye?
occulomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves
Describe a 3rd class lever.
The exerted force is closer to the fulcrum than the resistive force.
Raising one's eyebrow would activate which muscle?
Frontalis muscle
What ADL task would be most difficult with with sensory loss of the median nerve?
buttoning the top button of a shirt
Relays sensory input from the body to the brain and carries instructions from the brain and spinal cord to muscles for movement.
Bell's palsy involves paralysis of which cranial nerve?
Facial nerve
Elbow flexion is an example of which type of lever?
3rd class
WHat type of joint allows for rotation of the head and enck?
Pivot joint
the biomechanics concept referring to limited joint range of motion due to muscle tightness or shortenings termed:
passive insufficiency