IP Addressing and Subnetting
The CIDR notation for a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192
What is /26?
The name of the routing protocol that uses cost metrics to calculate the shortest path.
What is OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)?
The name of the global routing protocol used to route between Autonomous Systems.
What is BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)?
The type of attack where an adversary inserts themselves between two communicating devices.
What is a Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack?
This is the maximum size of a frame.
What is 1518 bytes?
The number of usable host IP addresses in a /27 subnet.
What is 30?
This is the rule routers use when multiple entries in the routing table match a destination IP.
What is the longest prefix match?
An AS that is only connected to one other AS.
What is a stub AS?
The network layer protocol often targeted to inject false route information.
What is a routing protocol (e.g. OSPF or BGP)?
The 2nd grouping of six bytes in a frame.
What is the source MAC address?
This is calculated by ANDing the IP address with the subnet mask.
What is the network ID?
This is the next-hop IP address you use to reach unknown networks.
What is the default route?
The BGP message type used to announce new routes or withdraw old ones.
What is an Update message?
The address resolution protocol commonly spoofed to mislead hosts on a LAN.
What is ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)?
This protocol is used to translate an IP address into a MAC address.
What is ARP?
This is the last IP address in a subnet, used to reach all hosts on that network.
What is the broadcast address?
The device responsible for forwarding packets between different networks.
What is a router?
The attribute used in BGP to prevent routing loops by showing the sequence of ASes a route has traversed.
What is the AS Path?
The pillar of information assurance violated when an attacker reads private network traffic.
What is confidentiality?
This device is a Layer One (Physical Layer) device that forwards ALL bits that it receives, regardless of where they are destined.
What is a hub?
This type of delivery is used when the destination IP is within the same subnet.
What is direct delivery?
The three clever ideas that help minimize routing table size and processing time.
What are: next-hop only, store network prefixes not hosts, and use default routes?
The reason we don’t use one single routing protocol for the entire Internet.
What is scalability and conflicting administrative preferences between AS s?
The four steps in executing a MITM attack using false route injection.
What are: gain access to a machine, tell a lie, convince others, and propagate the lie?
These devices separate a network into two or more collision domains, effectively increases the data rate of each device on the network.
What is a bridge and switch?