Research/Theory
Word recognition (decoding) and language comprehension
What are the two components of the simple view of reading?
a text that has been written to entertain, inform, explain, or evoke a response.
What is an authentic text?
Voice, Ideas, Conventions, Organization, Word Choice, and Sentence Fluency
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How many phonemes are there in the English language?
the extent to which an assessment consistently and accurately measures learning.
What is reliability
phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension (plus spelling and writing)
What are the 5 pillars of literacy as written by the National Reading Panel report?
requires teachers to stop during their reading to think, reflect and discuss their process of meaning construction.
What is a comprehension think aloud?
students use the oral language processing part of their brain to map (connect) the sounds of words they already know (the phonemes) to the letters in a word (the spellings)
What is orthographic mapping?
an individual's awareness of the structure of spoken words
What is phonological awareness?
is the extent to which an assessment measures what it was designed to measure, without contamination from other characteristics.
What is validity?
background knowledge, vocabulary, language structure, verbal reasoning, literacy knowledge, phonological awareness, decoding, sight recognition
What are the strands in Scarborough's Reading Rope?
literal, inferential, evaluative
What are the levels of comprehension questioning?
overall structure, text features, transition from one section to the next, reader can follow the message clearly, sequence
What are components we look for in the organization of writing?
the relationships between the letters of written language and the sounds of spoken language
What is phonics?
Meaning, Structure, Visual
What are the three cueing systems?
a vast, interdisciplinary body of scientifically-based research about reading and issues related to reading and writing
What is the science of reading?
emphasizes highly explicit and systematic teaching of all important components of literacy. These components include both foundational skills (e.g., decoding, spelling) and higher-level literacy skills (e.g., reading comprehension, written expression).
What is structured literacy?
a sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable, in which the sound begins as one vowel and moves toward another (as in coin, loud, and toy).
What is a diphthong?
c -at, c -ape, c -all, c -ake
What are onsets and rimes?
an assessment tool which provides an insight into a student's reading as it is happening (Clay, 1993). Provides the following information: a score of word reading accuracy and an analysis of a reader's errors and self-corrections.
What is a running record?
Not just how reading and writing develop or how children learn to read and write, but what are the MOST EFFECTIVE ways to teach (how/pedagogy) children to read and write.
What is the science of teaching reading?
motivation, interest, engagement, attitude
What are the affective dimensions of literacy?
open, closed, silent e, vowel team, consonant -le, r-controlled
What are the six syllable types?
Any vowel can make this sound; it sounds like a weak uh or ih. Words like from and final have this sound. Some words have more than one, like apartment and banana. It’s the most common sound in the English language.
What is a schwa sound?
first sound fluency, letter naming fluency, phoneme segmentation fluency, Nonsense word fluency, oral reading fluency, maze
What are the subtests of the Acadience (DIBELS) reading assessment?