Atoms
What are the three subatomic particles and their corresponding charges?
Protons (+)
Neutrons (no charge)
Electron's (-)
Where are the nonmetals located on the periodic table?
Right side
What is a compound?
A pure substance made up of two or more elements chemically bonded together
What is added to balance a chemical equation?
Coefficients
Define homogenous and heterogenous.
homogenous- a mixture in which the particles are uniform throughout and can not be seen with the naked eye
heterogenous- a mixture in which the particles can be seen in solution with the naked eye
How can you identify an atom?
it's number of protons
What column on the periodic table have the family name: halogens?
column #7
Are H2O and H2O2 the same compound?
No! H2O is water and H2O2 hydrogen peroxide.
When balancing a chemical equation, what numbers can not be changed?
Subscripts
What is a solute? What is a solvent?
solute is the substance that is being dissolved
solvent is the substance that does the dissolving
What happens when the number of neutrons is changed?
An isotope is formed
What is a diatomic element?
Bonus (150): list all the diatomic elements
a diatomic element is a pure substance of two atoms of the same element bonded together in its natural state
Bonus: Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine
What are the three ways that a compound can be separated?
Heat, Electricity, Light
Is the following equation balanced or unbalanced?
3AgNO3 + K2SO4 🡪 Ag2SO4 + 2KNO3
unbalanced
What are properties of solutions, suspensions, and colloids?
solutions- homogenous mixture in which the particles can not be filtered out or scatter light
suspensions- heterogenous mixture in which the particles can be filtered out
colloids- physically heterogenous mixture in which the particles can scatter light
Why are valance electrons important?
They impact the reactivity of an atom
What is phenolphthalein an indicator for?
base indicator
Compound differ from mixtures because elements come together in a specific....
ratio
What does the law of conservation of mass mean in terms of numbers of atoms of reactants and products?
There is an equal number of atoms of each elements on the reactants and products sides of the equation.
Identify the following types of mixtures:
Italian salad dressing, milk, hot chocolate, brass, fog, air, salt water, muddy water, whipped cream
Solutions: brass, air, salt water
Suspensions: Italian salad dressing, hot chocolate, muddy water
Colloids: milk, fog, whipped cream
What is the difference between mass number and atomic number?
Atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the atoms while mass number is the average of all the weights of the isotopes for that atom.
Bonus (150 points): what is mass number equal to?
How is the periodic table organized?
row by number of protons/atomic number (left to right it increases by one)
column by the number of valence electrons (each column has the same number of valence electrons)
What are the two types of bonds that hold together compounds?
ionic and covalent
Balance the following chemical equation:
Cu + AgNO3 🡪 Cu(NO3)2 + Ag
Cu + 2AgNO3 🡪 Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag
On a solubility curve, how would you know if a solution was undersaturated?
The amount of mass added to 100 mL of water is below the line for saturation of that solute at the specific temperature