BASIC NUTRIENTS & MYPLATE
_________ is the most essential nutrient for life, needed by every cell in the body, and without it a person can only live for a few days.
water
This diet restricts salt because it the body to retain more water in tissues and the circulatory system.
low-sodium
What is the proper body position for residents who are eating?
sitting up straight
90 degrees
What is difficulty swallowing called?
dysphagia
What is the daily recommended fluid intake for a healthy person? (in ounces)
64 oz
What is it called when someone does not have enough fluid in their body?
dehydration
According to MyPlate, vegetables and fruits should make up ______% of a person's plate.
50%
What does NPO mean?
Nothing by mouth
Why is it very important to identify residents before serving food?
To make sure the right resident is getting the right diet
What is inhaling food, fluid, or foreign material into the lungs called?
aspiration
These metric units are usually used to measure fluids. Thirty of them equal one fluid ounce.
milliliters
Name three health problems of the elderly that can cause them to become malnourished.
dulling of the senses
weakness of hands or arms
lack of appetite
slow metabolism
loneliness or depression, etc.
What are the two types of carbohydrates?
Which is healthier?
simple and complex
complex
A resident with this type of diet eliminates all poultry, meats, fish, eggs, and dairy products, along with foods derived from animals such as honey. The diet consists of only plant-based foods.
vegan
What comparison can we use to help visually impaired residents imagine the position of food on a plate?
clock face
Name two signs of swallowing problems.
coughing during or after meals
choking during meals
dribbling saliva/food/fluid from mouth
avoiding eating
spitting out pieces of food, etc.
F_______ b_______ means equal intake and output of fluid.
fluid balance
If a resident eats less than ________% of their meal, the nursing assistant should report it to the nurse.
75%
Some vitamins are carried and stored in body fat, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, while other vitamins are w_____-s_______, meaning they are broken down by water and cannot be stored, like vitamins B and C.
water-soluble
This diet is free of a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley, and is used for people with celiac disease, which is an autoimmune disorder that can damage the intestines.
gluten-free diet
What is it called when an NA uses her had to guide a resident's hand while feeding?
hand-over-hand approach
Should food be placed in the stronger or weaker side of the mouth?
stronger
Intake includes the fluids a person drinks.
Name two other semiliquid foods that count has fluid intake.
ice cream
gelatin
soup
pudding
yogurt
Name two ways NAs can encourage residents to eat.
Talk positively about residents' food
Honor likes and dislikes
Help a resident eat
Offer a variety of foods
Allow plenty of time to eat
How many times per week does MyPlate recommend eating fish?
2
Residents with swallowing problems may not be able to drink liquids unless they are th__________.
thickened
After eating, how long should a resident remain upright?
at least 30 minutes
True or False
It is possible to make liquids thick enough to eat with a spoon.
True
120 ml
True or false
It's okay for a resident to eat foods in any order.
True