Predation
What is the term for a relationship in which one organism hunts, kills, and consumes another organism?
a) Mutualism
b) Predation
c) Commensalism
d) Parasitism
B) Predation
What is the relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another organism called?
a) Competition
b) Parasitism
c) Mutualism
d) Commensalism
B) Parasitism
What is the struggle between organisms for limited resources called?
a) Cooperation
b) Competition
c) Predation
d) Commensalism
B) Competition
What is the relationship in which one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed called?
a) Parasitism
b) Commensalism
c) Mutualism
d) Competition
B) Commensalism
What type of ecological relationship benefits both organisms involved?
a) Mutualism
b) Parasitism
c) Predation
d) Competition
A) Mutualism
Which of the following is an example of a predator-prey relationship?
a) Bees pollinating flowers
b) Lions grazing on grasslands
c) Deer feeding on grass
d) Owls hunting mice
D) Owls Hunting Mice
Which of the following is an example of an endoparasite?
a) Tick
b) Tapeworm
c) Mosquito
d) Flea
B) Tapeworm
Which of the following is an example of intraspecific competition?
a) Lions and cheetahs competing for prey
b) Two different species of birds nesting in the same tree
c) Siblings competing for food
d) Plants competing for sunlight
c) Siblings competing for food
Which of the following is an example of commensalism in terrestrial ecosystems?
a) Birds nesting in trees
b) Barnacles attaching to whales
c) Remoras hitching a ride on sharks
d) Algae growing on a turtle's shell
D) Algae growing on a turtle's shell
Provide an example of mutualism in terrestrial ecosystems.
a) Barnacles attaching to whales
b) Bees pollinating flowers
c) Lions hunting zebras
d) Mosquitoes feeding on blood
B) Bees pollinating flowers
How does the population of prey influence the population of predators in an ecosystem?
a) The population of prey has no effect on the population of predators.
b) An increase in prey population leads to a decrease in predator population.
c) A decrease in prey population leads to an increase in predator population.
d) Predator and prey populations are not related.
C) A decrease in prey population leads to an decrease in predator population
How does a parasite benefit from its relationship with the host?
a) By providing protection to the host
b) By helping the host find food
c) By gaining nutrients from the host
d) By sharing its genetic material with the host
C) By gaining nutrients from the host
How does competition for limited resources influence the distribution of species in an ecosystem?
a) It leads to random distribution of species.
b) It promotes uniform distribution of species.
c) It leads to clumped distribution of species.
d) It leads to niche differentiation and resource partitioning.
D) It leads to niche differentiation and resource partitioning.
Provide an example of a commensalistic relationship in aquatic ecosystems.
a) Clownfish and sea anemones
b) Barnacles and whales
c) Remoras and sharks
d) Cleaner fish and larger fish
C) Remoras and sharks
Describe a mutualistic relationship in which one organism provides protection to the other.
a) Cleaner wrasse fish cleaning parasites off larger fish
b) Lichen formed by algae and fungi
c) Clownfish hiding in sea anemones
d) Ants protecting aphids from predators
A) Cleaner wrasse fish cleaning parasites off larger fish
Which adaptation helps predators catch their prey?
a) Bright colors
b) Slow movement
c) Sharp claws or teeth
d) Herbivorous diet
C) Sharp Claws or Teeth
What is the potential impact of parasites on host populations and ecosystems?
a) Increase in host fitness
b) Decrease in host susceptibility to diseases
c) Decrease in host population size
d) Increase in host biodiversity
c) Decrease in host population size
What role does niche differentiation play in reducing competition among species?
a) It increases competition by allowing more species to occupy the same niche.
b) It decreases competition by allowing species to occupy different ecological niches.
c) It has no effect on competition among species.
d) It leads to extinction of competing species.
B) It decreases competition by allowing species to occupy different ecological niches.
Why is the relationship in commensalism considered one-sided?
a) Both organisms benefit equally.
b) Only one organism benefits, while the other is unaffected.
c) Both organisms are harmed.
d) Both organisms benefit, but one benefits more than the other.
B) Only one organisms benefit, while the other is unaffected.
Explain how nitrogen-fixing bacteria form a mutualistic relationship with certain plants.
a) By consuming excess nitrogen from the soil
b) By providing carbon dioxide to the plants
c) By converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants
d) By competing with plants for nutrients
c) By converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form usable by plants
How do predators and prey contribute to ecosystem balance?
a) Predators control prey populations, preventing overpopulation.
b) Prey provide energy and nutrients for predators.
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of the above
c) Both A) and B)
What are some evolutionary strategies employed by parasites for successful parasitism?
a) High reproductive rates
b) Short life cycles
c) Ability to manipulate host behavior
d) All of the above
D) All of the above
How do interspecific and intraspecific competition differ in their outcomes?
a) Intraspecific competition leads to extinction, while interspecific competition promotes species diversity.
b) Interspecific competition promotes coexistence, while intraspecific competition leads to niche differentiation.
c) Intraspecific competition regulates population size, while interspecific competition can lead to displacement or extinction.
d) Intraspecific competition leads to niche partitioning, while interspecific competition promotes genetic diversity.
c) Intraspecific competition regulates population size, while interspecific competition can lead to displacement or extinction.
What are some potential long-term effects of commensalistic interactions on populations and communities?
a) Increase in species diversity
b) Decrease in population size
c) Changes in community structure
d) All of the above
D) All of the above
Analyze the evolutionary significance of mutualistic relationships in ecosystems.
a) They decrease biodiversity
b) They lead to species extinction
c) They enhance species survival and promote coevolution
d) They disrupt nutrient cycling
c) They enhance species survival and promote coevolution