Physical Environment+climate
The cycle of temperature change throughout the year caused by Earth’s axial tilt in respect to its orbit
What are seasons?
Number of babies per individual
What is Fecundity or F(x)?
When upper levels of a tropic system regulate the lower ones
What is top down control?
The number of different species in a given area
What is species richness or S?
When the collective standard for what an ecosystem should look like shifts due to limited interaction, misinformation, and loss of familiarity
What is shifting baseline syndrome?
When air rises due to being warmed, it cools down, decreases in pressure, increases in volume. Occurs at the equator and 60 degrees globally
What is adiabatic cooling?
Per-Capital growth does not depend on the size of a population
What is density-independent growth?
The cuckoo bee only lays its eggs and reproduces in the nests of bumble bees, after tricking the colony into thinking she is their queen. The cuckoo bee cannot successfully reproduce and rear young without a host nest. What type of interaction is this?
What is obligate parasitism?
The interaction between area and isolation that can predict species richness
What is species area relationship?
When the only competition between species over a resource is inter specific
What is complimentary resource use?
A period of time in which the earth’s orbit eccentricity is mild, its tilt is at 21.5 degrees, and axis precession is mild.
What is an ice age?
A continuous time negative density dependent model
What is logistic growth or dN/dT=rN(1-N/K)?
Means “living together” and is not exclusive to mutualism
What is symbiosis?
When an area such as a reserve is broken up in many small pieces
What is habitat fragmentation?
The loss of overall tropic biomass, especially effecting the top levels first
What is tropic downgrading?
This determines the distribution of large scale communities defined by plant growth.
What is climate?
When intra-specific competition is higher than inter specific competition
What is stable coexistence?
When two species directly benefit from a single resource
What is exploitative competition?
These have historically been the cause of geological vicariance events
What are tectonic plates?
When immigration rate minus extinction rate equal 0
What is equilibrium?
The reason why a desert forms near a coast despite no rain shadow.
What is the cold ocean effect?
When harvest rate is dependent on population size
What is fixed effort harvest?
When a species has a large effect on tropic interactions due to high abundance
What is a foundational species?
If the branches of a phylogenetic tree match with geological events at the time of the branch, the species most likely evolved via…
What is vicariance?
Restoration of habitats through introduction of previous native species or new non native species to fill historical niche
What is re-wilding?