What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
Food chain: the linear transfer of food energy from one trophic level to the next.
Food web: Food chains linked together (demonstrates more interactions)
100
True or false (correct the statement if it is false):
The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed.
The second law of thermodynamics states that every exchange of energy increases the entropy in the universe.
True
100
What are the three levels of biodiversity?
Genetic diversity, Species diversity, and Ecosystem diversity
200
What are the two different cell types that categorize the three domains?
Eukaryote and Prokaryote
200
The tropics are located at what latitudes?
23.5 degrees N and 23.5 degrees S
200
One community has an H value of 1.21 and another community has a value of 0.68. What does this mean/tell you?
The community with an H value of 1.21 has higher biodiversity than the other community, meaning there are large numbers individuals within a variety of species in the community rather than one or two species dominating in numbers.
200
Energy ____________ through an ecosystem, while nutrients ____________ in an ecosystem.
Energy flows
Nutrients cycle
200
What are the four major types of threats to biodiversity?
Habitat loss, Introduced Species, Over-harvesting, and Global change
(pg. 885 for reference)
300
What are the four kingdoms within domain Eukarya
Kingdom Plantae, Kingdom Anamalia, Kingdom Fungi, and Kingdom Protista
300
Part 1. What ecosystem is characterized by high temperature and high precipitation?
Part 2. What ecosystem is characterized by very low temperature and relatively low precipitation?
Part 1. Tropical Forest
Part 2. Tundra
300
What are the three types of symbiosis?
Parasitism, Mutualism, and Commensalism
(pg. 850 for reference)
300
Name the four biogeochemical cycles.
Water cycle, Carbon cycle, Nitrogen cycle, Phosphorus cycle
(pg. 874 for reference)
300
What is Minimum Viable Population (MVP)?
The minimal population size at which a species is able to sustain its numbers.
(pg. 888 for reference)
400
A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called...
Population
400
What ecosystem consists of the seafloor? (Hint:dark, high pressure, and decreases in temperature as you go down)
Marine Benthic Zone
400
What are the two types of ecological succession?
Primary and Secondary
(pg. 857 for reference)
400
How do you calculate Net Primary Production?
NPP=GPP-Ra
400
What is the relatively small area called where numerous endemic species (species found no where else in the world) and a large number of endangered and threatened species are?
A biodiversity hot spot
(pg. 893 for reference)
500
Which of the following is (are) true of natural selection?
A) It requires genetic variation.
B) It results in descent with modification.
C) It involves differential reproductive success.
D) It results in descent with modification and involves differential reproductive success.
E) It requires genetic variation, results in descent with modification, and involves differential reproductive success.
E
500
What is the equation for logistic growth?
dN/dT=rmaxN[(K-N)/K]
500
What is the difference between cryptic coloration and Aposematic coloration?
Cryptic coloration (camouflage) makes prey difficult to see, while aposematic coloration (warning coloration) make animals very conspicuous as a waring that they could be poisonous
(pg. 848 for reference)
500
What are the limiting nutrients for marine production?
Nitrogen and Phosphorus
500
What is DDT and why was it referenced in the textbook?
DDT is a pesticide that was widely used during WWII. It was not known to be harmful right away, but over time people noticed bird populations declining. This was brought to the public's attention through Rachel Carson's book Silent Spring in 1960s. DDT became banned in the U.S. in 1971.
(pg. 896 for reference)