Climate
The reflectivity of a surface
What is albedo?
What percentage of Earth's surface is covered in water?
75%
Trees that shed their leaves during winter months or the dry season
What are deciduous trees?
A trait that can be passed on genetically.
What is a heritable trait?
Organisms that exist as individuals.
What are unitary organisms?
A type of reproduction where the offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
What is asexual reproduction?
Competition among individuals of the same species
What is intraspecific competition?
A group of species inhabiting a given area and interacting, directly or indirectly
What is a community?
Energy emitted by the earth.
What is longwave radiation?
The evaporation of water from internal surfaces of leaves, stems, and other living parts
What is transpiration?
The term for the first species to colonize a new area during succession.
What are pioneer species?
Alternative forms of the same gene.
What are alleles?
________ is when an individual moves out of a subpopulation.
What is emigration?
Cross-fertilization between two individual plants
What is outcrossing?
The area that an animal normally uses over the course of a year
What is home range?
The number of different species in a community
What is species richness?
The northern hemisphere experiences its longest day of the year on this date. (i.e., most daylight hours)
What is the June (summer) solstice or June 21?
The movement of water from one reservoir to another
What is flux?
The progressive development of an ecosystem following a location that was previously occupied by a plant community.
What is secondary succession?
The differential success (survival and reproduction) of individuals within a population.
What is natural selection?
Plants that result from asexual reproduction and are clones of the parent plant.
What are ramets?
Organisms that reproduce more than once
What are iteroparous organsisms?
If the density of a plant population increases, the __________ will decrease.
What is growth or growth rate?
A species that has a disproportionate impact on the community relative to its abundance.
What is a keystone species?
The amount of water vapor in the air compared to the amount of water vapor the air could hold, expressed as a percentage
What is relative humidity?
The lower layer of a tropical lake containing cold, dense water.
What is the hypolimnion?
The loss of water to the environment that is a threat to organisms living on land (i.e. drying out).
What is dessication?
Any heritable behavioral, morphological, or physiological trait that has evolved through the process of natural selection.
What is an adaptation?
Species that have a geographically restricted range.
What are endemic species?
Species that are born at a more advanced stage of development
What are precocial species?
As population density increases, the _______ rate increases and/or the ______ rate decreases.
What is mortality/death rate and birth/fecundity rate?
The primary site of energy acquisition through photosynthesis in a well-developed forest.
What is the canopy?
The warm region at the equator where warmed air rises and condenses.
What is the Intercontinental Convergence Zone (ITCZ)?
The weak links between water molecules that form due to the polarity of water.
What are hydrogen bonds?
The sequence of communities seen in succession, from grass to shrub to forest
What is a sere?
The proportionate contribution made by an individual to future generations relative to other individuals in the same population
What is fitness?
The number of individuals per unit of available living space.
What is ecological density?
A plant that has separate male and female flowers on the same plant
What is monoecious?
A core area of the home range that is defended against other members of the species.
What is a territory?
The bottom layer of sediments in a lake or ocean with the highest levels of decomposition.
What is the benthic layer?
Scientists introduce deer to an island that didn't previously have deer. The population initially grows exponentially, but over time, its growth rate slows and stabilizes. Name this type of population growth and name the ecological factor that caused the change.
What is logistic growth?
Ecological factor: carrying capacity