Populations
Communities
Energy
Cycles
Toss Up
100
Define a population
A population is all of the organisms of a particular species within an area
100
Define a community
A community is all of the populations within an area
100
Where are chemotrophic organisms most commonly found?
Places where light cannot penetrate. Deep underground or in the deep ocean
100
What is the primary source of energy for almost all ecosystems on Earth?
The Sun
100
This is another name for decomposers
Saprotrophs
200
Name the four FHS principals
Mrs. Meussner, Mrs. Shannon, Mrs. Etheridge, Mr Wallace
200
This type of competition occurs within members of a species
What is intraspecific competition?
200
Name three famous people who have received the IB Diploma
Justin Trudeau, Kesha, Lupita Nyongo, Kim Jong-Un, Ken Jennings, Alex Honnold, Dustin Moskovitch, etc.
200
This is the year humans last set foot on the moon
(Closest gets points)
1972
200
Cattle egrets eat the insects stirred up by cattle as they graze. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?
Commensalism
300
This type of limiting factor includes things like droughts, oil spills, and volcanic eruptions.
What are density independent factors?
300
The zooxanthellae algae living within the tissues of coral is an example of this type of symbiotic relationship.
Mutualism
300
Which species shown here are tertiary consumers?
Seal, Tuna, Dogfish, Cod
300
Why is the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere lower in the summer and fall?
Plants absorb CO2 through photosynthesis in the summer and fall
300
Beans and legumes have a symbiotic relationship with a nitrogen fixing bacteria call rhizobia that provides nitrogen for the bean plant. In turn the bean plant provides rhizobia with sugars. What type of relationship is this?
Mutualism
400
List two things that can increase population size and two things that can decrease population size
Increase: Immigration, natality
Decrease: Mortality, migration
400
Black walnut trees (Juglans nigra) release a chemical called jugalone into the soil. Many other species of plants cannot tolerate jugalones in the soil and wilt and die. What is this process called?
What is allelopathy?
400
State three reasons calories are lost at each trophic level.
Cell respiration (used for metabolism)
Remaining unconsumed (in bones)
Undigested (excreted within faeces)
Converted into thermal energy (heat)
400
The 27th amendment was proposed in 1789 and ratified in 1992. It is the most recent amendment to the Constitution. What does it state?
Any law changing the salary of members of Congress cannot take effect until after the next election
400
Name the two Senators representing Michigan
Gary Peters and Elissa Slotkin
500
List five things can could limit a population that exceeds its carrying capacity
Predation, habitat access, Food availability, disease, accumulation of waste
500
What is the formula for a chi-squared test?
chi^2 = sum (O - E)^2 / E
500
If there is 12,000 kJ of energy found among producers in an ecosystem how much energy would be expected to be found in quaternary consumers?
1.2 kJ
500
List four Carbon fluxes
Photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, dissolution, combustions, etc.
500
This is the name of the technique that won the 2025 Nobel Prize in Medicine
Optogenetics