Intro to Ecology
Ecological Relationships
Population Ecology
Human Impact/Trophic Pyramids
Succession
100

What do the terms "biotic" and "abiotic" mean?

Biotic: living

Abiotic: nonliving

100

A tick sucks the blood from a dog.

What type of relationship is this?

Parasitism

100

Which of the following has a bigger effect on dense populations: density-dependent or density-independent limiting factors?

Density-dependent limiting factors

100

If the polar ice caps melt, 3 things could happen to the polar bears. What are those 3 things?

1. Die

2. Adapt

3. Move

100

At what point of succession do you reach a climax community: beginning, middle, or end?

The end! - for both primary and secondary succession

200

What is a group of the same species known as?

Population

200

Egrets are birds that sit on top of rhinos and eat the bugs off of the rhinos' back.

What type of relationship is this?

Mutualism

200

If there is a limited amount of food and water in an area, would a population show exponential or logistic growth?

(Draw the graph of whichever answer you choose)

Logistic - should look like an S that levels out at the top

200

What is the difference between renewable vs non-renewable resources?

Renewable resources are replenished faster than we use them - water, wind, sunlight

Non-renewable resources are used faster than they can come back - fossil fuels, metal, plastic

200

Put the following items in order of how primary succession would work:

-Moss & Lichen

-Climax Community

-Grasses

-Small bushes & small animals

-Bare rockbed

-Trees & large animals

Bare rockbed -> Moss & Lichen -> Grasses -> Small bushes & small animals -> Trees & large animals -> Climax Community

300

What is transpiration? Name the biogeochemical cycle it is in & describe what happens.

It's a stage in the water cycle. The stomata of the plant opens up & releases water vapor back into the sky.

300

Give me an example of predation.

Tiger stalks and attacks wild boar.

Tiger - predator

Wild boar - prey

300

Predation, disease, competition - are these density-dependent or density-independent limiting factors?

Density-dependent - they will affect dense populations more than populations that are spread out

300

Name 3 things that humans do that harms the environment.

Driving cars, burning fossil fuels, deforestation, pollution, habitat fragmentation, etc.

300

What sort of places would you expect primary succession to take place?

Bare rockbed, lava that had hardened, a glacier melting, sandy desert area

400

What is the difference between a community and an ecosystem?

Both include all living organisms, but ecosystems also include all the nonliving things as well.

400

What will happen if there are 2 organisms in an area that share the same niche?

They will either fight one another to the death, or one of them will have to migrate to another area.

Organisms can share the same habitat but not the same niche!

400

Can the carrying capacity of a population change? 

If so, what are 2 reasons that it might change?

Yes.

More food/water, habitat space - it would increase

More predators/competition, less food/water - it would decrease

400

With the Rule of 10 for trophic pyramids, what percentage of energy moves on to the next trophic level up?

Draw a trophic pyramid with 5 levels showing their energy percentages.

10% moves up, and 90% is lost as heat.

Quaternary Consumers - 0.01

Tertiary Consumers - 0.1

Secondary Consumers - 1 

Primary Consumers - 10

Producers - 100

400

What are the 2 pioneer species for primary succession?

Lichens and mosses - because they can break down and decompose to become soil!

500

Name a biome and tell me 3 of its describing characteristics.

Desert: hot during day, cold at night, sandy, CAM plants

Rainforest: humid, rainy, broadleaf plants

Tundra, taiga, deciduous forest, aquatic, grassland

500

Female lions fight with other female lions in order to eat a gazelle.

What type of interaction is this?

Intraspecific competition - competition within the same species

500

Hurricanes, tornados, flash floods, forest fires - are these examples of density-dependent or density-independent limiting factors?

Density-independent limiting factors - does not matter the size/density of the population.

500

What is eutrophication?

This is when too many nutrients (usually nitrogen) leaches into stagnant water systems, and this increases the amount of algae in the water. This reduces the amount of oxygen available to fish in the water. 

500

What is the main difference between primary and secondary succession?

Primary succession begins without dirt - there was no ecosystem living there to begin with. Because of this, it takes much longer.

Secondary succession does have soil because there was an ecosystem already there before some type of disturbance occured.

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