Food Webs/Chains
What is the source of energy for food chains/food webs?
Sun
What organisms are at the bottom of an energy pyramid?
Producer
What is primary succession?
The process of new land being created or exposed for the first time.
What is secondary succession?
it begins on land that already has life on it. The land gets disturbed, but soil remains.
How much energy is passed on to each trophic level in an energy pyramid?
10%
Which organism is likely to be at the beginning of a food chain for a pond?
Green Algae
Why do predators need plants, such as grass, in their ecosystem?
Plants provide food for their animals that the predators eat
What is two examples of an area that is likely to undergo primary succession?
Erupting volcanos and melting glaciers
What is a common example of a disturbance that could bring about secondary succession?
Fire
In the trophic levels, how much of the energy in each level gets lost as heat or is used by the organism for survival?
90%
What do the arrows indicate in a food web?
Where the energy is being transferred
An organism that gets energy from breaking down dead organisms, non-living material or waste is a(an) ___________.
Decomposer
After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?
1. lichens 2. grasses 3. shrubs 4. trees
What happens to the biomass of an ecosystem following a natural disaster?
It is significantly reduced/decreases.
Which organisms have the most available energy in an energy pyramid?
Producer
In biology, what is carrying capacity?
The maximum population size an ecosystem can support.
In a food pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?
Primary Producer
What is the first species you will see in the early stages of primary succession?
Lichen
What condition allows secondary succession to occur more quickly than primary succession?
Presence of pre-formed soil
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 3?
10 Kcal
Why can't the top level contain a large number of organisms?
The amount of energy available at the top of the pyramid is not sufficient to sustain many individuals.
Consumers that eat plants and animals are called ____.
Omnivore
What is the term that describes a steady and stable community?
Climax Community
A field was abandoned and left untouched for several years after a fire, allowing the natural process of succession to occur. Which order of succession is most likely to occur in the meadow?
Grasses → shrubs → softwood trees → hardwood trees
An owl eats a rat that lived in an ecosystem where there was 2,800 kcals of energy in the insect population that the rat consumed. How many kcals would transfer to the trophic level the owl is in?
28 Kcal