Levels of Ecology
All the white-tailed deer living in a forest in Mississippi.
A population
Organisms that perform nitrogen fixation.
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria
A relationship in which one organism benefits while the other is harmed.
Parasitism
Organisms that capture energy directly from sunlight to make their own food.
Producers/Autotrophs
Succession that occurs in an area with no existing soil.
Primary Succession
A community along with the abiotic factors .
An ecosystem
Water moves from plant roots to leaves and then exits through small openings in the leaves into the atmosphere.
Transpiration
Limited food, space, or water increases this type of interaction
Competition
Organisms that break down dead organisms and waste, returning nutrients to the ecosystem.
Decomposers
The first organisms to colonize an area after a disturbance or natural disaster.
Pioneer species
A coral reef with sharks, coral, fish, algae, and crabs. What level of ecology is this?
A community
Process by which atmospheric nitrogen must be converted into ammonia or nitrates before plants can use it.
Nitrogen Fixation
A fungus lives on tree roots and helps the tree absorb water and nutrients while receiving sugars from the tree.
Mutualism
If producers contain 10,000 units of energy, primary consumers receive approximately this amount.
1,000 J
A glacier melts, leaving exposed rock where mosses and lichens begin to grow.
Primary Succession
In a pond ecosystem, the water, rocks, algae, fish, and insects are all present. Which of these are part of the community?
Algae, fish , and insects
Plants and animals release carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere when they break down glucose for energy.
Cellular Respiration
A volcanic eruption leaves bare rock. Predict how long it will take for a climax community to establish and why.
It will take a long time because primary succession must create soil and support pioneer species first.
In the food chain grass → grasshopper → frog → snake → hawk, the organism that receives the least energy from the Sun.
Hawk
After a flood removes vegetation but not soil, grasses grow back first.
Secondary Succession
Name the levels of Ecology( Must be in order)
Organism-Population-community-ecosystem-biome-biosphere
DOUBLE POINTS!!!!
Excess fertilizer runoff increases algae growth and decreases oxygen levels in water systems.
Eutrophication
Predict how removing a keystone species during secondary succession might affect ecosystem development.
Answers will vary. Must state how it could cause other populations to decline( decrease).
If secondary consumers are removed, what happens to primary consumers and producers?
Primary consumer populations may increase, and producers may decrease due to higher consumption.
The final stage of succession where a mature forest, grassland, or other ecosystem has developed and persists until disrupted by a disturbance.
Climax Community