Ecosystems
Biotic factor and Abiotic Factor
Biotic: Any Living Thing
Abiotic: Any Nonliving Thing
Google Slide #2
Exponential Growth
Direction energy flows through a food chain
To the organism doing the consuming in 1 direction
From Producer to Primary Consumer to Secondary Consumer to Tertiary Consumer in one direction
The 5 types of relationships discussed in class
Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism, Predation, Competition
Google Slide #6
False
One example of an autotroph and One example of a heterotroph.
Autotroph: Plants
Heterotroph: Animals, insects, bacteria, fungi
Affects the population growth rate
Birth rate, Death Rate, Limiting, Immigration (organisms in) and emigration (organisms moving out)
Draw a food chain:
Raccoon eats rabbit
Wolf eats raccoon
Rabbit eats grass
Grass --> Rabbit --> Raccoon --> Wolf
A relationship where one organism benefits and the other organism is unharmed
Commensalism
A Density Dependent Factor Example
Predation, Disease, Limiting Resources, Competition
The trophic level that involves organisms taking in energy to assemble sugar
Producers
Google Slide #3
Carrying Capacity
bush --> deer --> Fox --> coyote
The % Energy does the Fox have?
1%
In a forest, two bird species both eat the same type of insect living under tree bark. Neither species shifts to feeding on insects found on the leaves instead and thus is making it difficult for both species to coexist. Describe this relationship.
Competition
Google Slide #7
As Prey increases, so does the Predator.
The increase in Predators causes the Prey to decrease, Prey decreasing causes the Predator to decrease.
The Predator decreasing in turn allows the Prey to increase and the cycle starts again.
Factors found in an Ecosystem
biotic and abiotic factors
A wildfire spreads across Southern California. The wildfire burns trees and eliminates food sources and home and shelter for a large number of plants and animals. As a result of the wildfire, the carrying capacity of Southern California is temporarily reduced for many of the native species. Wildfire is THIS limiting factor.
Density-independent limiting factor (population size and density do not alter the storms effect)
Google Slide #4
Bobcat, Alligator, Catfish, Small Fish
Termites and the microorganisms in their guts. The termites provide a habitat and food for the microbes, and in return, the microbes help break down the tough cellulose in wood so termites can digest it.Describe this relationship.
Mutualism
Having a high one of these allows ecosystems to withstand changes.
Biodiversity
The direct source of energy for all consumers
Producers and/or consumers
When an organism's carrying capacity reaches zero in every ecosystem on earth
Extinction
Google slide #5
The Scallops would Increase
In a pond ecosystem, frogs eat insects, reducing their numbers. Meanwhile certain small fish swim near larger fish for protection but without affecting the larger fish. Name these two types of relationships.
Commensalism - Small fish and Larger Fish
Possible effects invasive species have on the carrying capacity of native organisms in the ecosystem
The carrying capacity may decrease because there is more competition for limited resources