Food Chains
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Ecosystems
Human Impacts
100
What is the producer in the food chain: Grass -> Hare -> Lynx
Grass
100
What is the process by which plants turn carbon dioxide (from the air) into carbohydrates (sugar, glucose)?
Photosynthesis
100
What percentage of the air is nitrogen?
78% or 79%
100
What is an ecosystem?
The ecology of a certain area. The interaction of organisms in an environment. The relationship between organisms and their environment in a certain area.
100
True or False Humans can impact the acidity of a lake?
True
200
List the primary consumer in the food chain: Grass -> Hare -> Lynx
Hare
200
How do consumers get the carbohydrates (sugar, glucose) that plants make?
They eat the plant or an animal that ate the plant.
200
How do plants (producers) get the nitrogen they need?
Plants cannot use nitrogen from the air, they get nitrates from the soil.
200
What is a producer?
An organism that can make its own food using energy from the sun.
200
Name one way that humans can change the acidity of a lake.
If farmers use too much fertilizer, or if they fertilize and it rains, then the fertilizer can leak into the lake and make it more acidic.
300
What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?
A food chain shows one relationship between a producer and consumers. A food web shows many relationships between producers and consumers in an ecosystem. It is many food chains connected to each other.
300
What is the process that plants and animals go through that releases carbon dioxide back into the air?
Respiration
300
How do consumers get the nitrates they need to survive?
They get them from eating plants or other animals that ate plants.
300
What is a consumer?
An organism that CANNOT make its own food and has to eat other organisms for food.
300
Name one way that humans can impact a forest ecosystem.
Humans can cut down trees which could cause more carbon dioxide in the air. It could also take away food from some animals changing their populations. It could also take away places for some animals to live.
400
What do the arrows in a food chain show?
How energy is transferred in a food chain.
400
Explain what can happen over millions of years to the carbon compounds in organisms that die and decompose.
They can be converted to fossil fuels, like oil, through heat and pressure.
400
What is the job of the bacteria in the soil?
The bacteria can change nitrogen from the air into nitrates that the plants can use. The bacteria can also change nitrates from the soil into nitrogen that goes back into the air.
400
Create a food chain that contains at least 4 organisms.
Oak tree -> Squirrel -> Eagle -> Wolverine Algae -> Water Boatman -> Fish -> Heron
400
Why is over hunting bad for an ecosystem.
If hunters kill too many of one population, like hares, then it destroys the balance of an ecosystem. The consumer that eats the hares will not have enough food and the organism that the hares eat will increase.
500
Why can there not be more than five levels in a food chain?
There is too much energy lost in every level. The last consumer would not have enough energy to survive.
500
Too much carbon dioxide in the air can cause a greenhouse effect by trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere. Name two ways that humans can increase the level of carbon dioxide in the air.
By burning fossil fuels. Cutting down trees or forests.
500
What is the job of decomposers in the nitrogen cycle?
They take the nitrates from dead organisms and return them to the soil.
500
Use the following food chain: Grass -> Deer -> Wolf If people kill a lot of the deer population in a forest, how would that change the other populations in the forest?
The grass population would increase because there would not be any deer to eat the grass. The wolf population would decrease because they would not have any food to eat.
500
List two ways in which humans cause pollution and explain how those can effect an ecosystem.
Humans burn fossil fuels in factories and cars and this increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. If there is too much carbon dioxide in the air, heat is trapped which can change the climate of an ecosystem. This can affect different populations in the ecosystem. Humans can over fertilize changing the level of nitrogen in soil. It can cause plants that live in the ecosystem to die. Also, the fertilizer can leak into the soil and get into groundwater which then goes into lakes. It can effect the acidity of the lake and kill plants that live in the lake.
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