Non specific defenses
What is the body’s first line of defense against pathogens?
Skin
These cells produce antibodies.
b cells
What type of pathogen causes the flu and the common cold?
virus
What do vaccines help your body create?
Immunity / Memory cells
This sticky substance traps dust and microbes in your nose.
Mucus
These immune cells kill infected body cells.
t cells
This tiny organism can cause strep throat and other infections.
bacteria
Do antibiotics work on viruses?
What part of your body produces acid to kill bacteria in food?
Stomach
What protein locks onto specific antigens to help destroy them?
antibody
What pathogen type includes tapeworms and lice?
What is the main job of a vaccine?
Help the body make antibodies to fight viruses
What reaction causes swelling, redness, and warmth at an injury site?
Inflammation
What triggers the specific immune response?
antigens on pathogens
How is malaria spread from person to person?
mosquito bites
What’s inside a vaccine?
Weakened or dead parts of a pathogen
What type of white blood cell “eats” invaders as part of nonspecific immunity?
Macrophages
After infection, which type of cell “remembers” the pathogen for future protection?
memory cells
Name one way a virus can avoid the immune system.
Mutation / Hiding inside cells
Why is antibiotic resistance a growing problem?
Overuse leads to stronger bacteria that can’t be killed easily