Groups and Classification
Food Webs
Habitats & Adaptations
Electricity
Energy
Speed, Distance, and Time
100
Which of the following animals are mammals?
Horse, Kiwi, Beetle, Pelican, Otter, Frog
Horse & Otter
100
Why the Sun is important to ocean food chains?
It provides energy to the producers (phytoplankton) to form the base of the web.
100
An ecosystem becomes colder. Explain how this could affect organisms living there.
Organisms with suitable adaptations to the cold will survive. Those without these adaptations will die.
100
How does the structure of an atom allow electricity to occur?
Movement of electrons creates electrical charge flow.
100
Show the energy transformation pathway occurring in a lightbulb
Electrical --> Light + Heat
100
What do balanced forces mean about the motion of an object.
Balanced forces = Constant motion.
200
Explain how the diet of an herbivore differs from a carnivore in terms of where they get their energy from.
Herbivores get their energy directly from producers. Carnivores get their energy second-hand from other animals.
200
Explain how one biotic and one abiotic factor interact to affect an organisms survival.
e.g. Abiotic factors (like temperature) affect biotic factors (like plant growth), which impacts the animals that rely on them.
200
Name the three types of adaptations.
Behavioural, structural, physiological
200
What causes static electricity to build up?
Transfer of electrons between objects due to friction creates imbalance of charge.
200
Why does adding resistance to a circuit reduce the current?
Adding resistance makes it more difficult for electrons to flow and as such they move slower.
200
A skateboarder travels 160m in 12 seconds. What is their average speed?
160m รท 12s = 13.33m/s
300
Two animals share many physical features. What might this mean about their relationship.
They may share a common ancestor and be closely related.
300
Why are food webs more stable than food chains?
Multiple feeding relationships provide alternative energy pathways.
300
Hedgehogs are mammals have spines on their body to shield them from predators. To survive harsh winters, hedgehogs save energy by entering hibernation. They have an excellent sense of smell and are resistant to particular types of venom.
Which of these is a behavioural adaptation?
Hibernation during winter.
300
Why are metals good conductors of electricity?
Electrons are held more loosely in metals, meaning they can move more easily through the material.
300
A spring is compressed and then released causing it to fly up into the air. Show the energy transformation occurring on the way up.
Elastic potential --> Kinetic + Gravitational potential
300
What happens when thrust is greater than drag?
The object accelerates forward.
400
Group the following animals into herbivores, omnivores, and carnivores.
Lion, Cow, Bear, Rabbit, Human, Eagle, Pig, Koala, Shark
Herbivores: Rabbit, Koala, Cow
Carnivore: Shark, Eagle, Lion
Omnivore: Pig, Human, Bear
400
List two abiotic factors which can limit the size of a population.
e.g. limited water, light, temperature extremes, weather events, chemical pollutants
400
Name an adaptation that would benefit an ocean creature which lives in the deep ocean habitat.
e.g. Bioluminescence, Large eyes, Gelatinous Bodies, Compressible skeletons, Slow metabolism, Massive jaws and stomachs.
400
What is a batteries purpose in a circuit?
Provides a voltage to the circuit which pushes the electrons through the circuit.
400
Name three sources of renewable energy in New Zealand
Hydro, Solar, Wind, Geothermal, Bio
400
What does an increasing positive gradient mean on a speed-time graph?
Increasing positive gradient = increasing acceleration
500
Explain why whales are classified as mammals even though they live in water.
They have mammalian traits (e.g. lungs, live birth, warm blood)
500
How could introducing an invasive species disrupt a food web?
Invasive species may outcompete native species, making the native species decrease in population.
500
The role an organism plays in its ecosystem is known as this.
A niche
500
Explain the difference in how current behaves between a series and parallel circuit.
In a series circuit, current is the same at all points.
In a parallel circuit, current is split between the branches.
500
As a skiier travels down a mountain, gravitational potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Not all of the gravitational potential energy is turned into kinetic, however. Why is this and where does the rest of the energy go?
Some energy is lost through friction as sound and heat as the skiier slides along the ground.
500
Calculate the speed of the object in section C in km/hr
Speed = distance / time
Speed = (60-30)km / (12:30-12:00)hr
Speed = 30km / 0.5hr = 60km/hr