Unit 1 & 2
What is the primary cause of climate change?
A) Ecosystem services
B) Weather patterns
C) Greenhouse effect
D) Volcanic activity
Answer: C) Greenhouse effect
Which term refers to the measure of the amount of salt or dissolved minerals in water?
A) Turbidity
B) Salinity
C) Dissolved oxygen
D) Photic zone
Answer: B) Salinity
Which of the following factors primarily determines the temperature and climate of a forest ecosystem?
A) Latitude
B) Altitude
C) Prevailing winds
D) Rainshadow
Answer: A) Latitude
Which of the following characteristics is commonly associated with chaparral ecosystems?
A) Abundant rainfall throughout the year
B) Dense forests of tall trees
C) Moderate temperatures with dry summers
D) Cold temperatures and heavy snowfall
Answer: C) Moderate temperatures with dry summers
Which type of tundra ecosystem is found at high altitudes in mountainous regions?
A) Arctic tundra
B) Alpine tundra
C) Polar ecosystems
D) Temperate grasslands
Answer: B) Alpine tundra
Which term refers to the long-term average atmospheric conditions in a specific region?
A) Weather
B) Climate
C) Ecosystem services
D) Greenhouse effect
Answer: B) Climate
Which of the following is a threat to coral reefs characterized by the loss of color in coral due to stress?
A) Acidification
B) Pollution
C) Coral bleaching
D) Eutrophication
Answer: C) Coral bleaching
2. Which type of forest ecosystem is characterized by high rainfall, dense vegetation, and high biodiversity?
A) Tropical rainforest
B) Temperate rainforest
C) Deciduous forest '
D) Taiga Answer
Answer: A) Tropical rainforest
What is the term for the process of a once fertile land turning into a desert due to various factors such as climate change and human activities?
A) Desertification
B) Drought
C) Invasive species
D) Erosion
Answer: A) Desertification
Which of the following is a threat to tundra ecosystems associated with the extraction of oil and gas reserves? A) Overgrazing
B) Deforestation
C) Oil exploration
D) Habitat fragmentation
Answer: C) Oil exploration
Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?
A) Plants
B) Animals
C) Sunlight
D) Decomposers
Answer: C) Sunlight
What is the primary difference between the photic zone and the aphotic zone in aquatic ecosystems?
A) The photic zone receives more sunlight and supports photosynthesis, while the aphotic zone has little to no sunlight.
B) The photic zone is characterized by high turbidity, while the aphotic zone has low turbidity.
C) The photic zone is located near the shore, while the aphotic zone is located in the open ocean.
D) The photic zone has higher dissolved oxygen levels, while the aphotic zone has lower dissolved oxygen levels.
Answer: A) The photic zone receives more sunlight and supports photosynthesis, while the aphotic zone has little to no sunlight.
What is the term for the practice of raising too many livestock on a grassland, leading to the degradation of the ecosystem?
A) Overgrazing
B) Monoculture
C) Poaching
D) The tragedy of the commons
Answer: A) Overgrazing
Which of the following desert ecosystems is characterized by hot summers, and mild winters, and receives moderate rainfall?
A) Chaparral
B) Subtropical deserts
C) Semi-arid deserts
D) Cold deserts
Answer: C) Semi-arid deserts
Which of the following is a threat to biodiversity that involves the introduction of non-native species that outcompete and harm native species?
A) Habitat destruction
B) Invasive species
C) Pollution
D) Overharvesting
Answer: B) Invasive species
Q. Which statement best describes carrying capacity?
A) It is the maximum number of individuals an ecosystem can support.
B) It is the number of different species in a community.
C) It is the rate at which energy flows through an ecosystem.
D) It is the process by which organisms adapt to their environment.
Answer: A) It is the maximum number of individuals an ecosystem can support.
Which of the following terms refers to the organisms that live on or near the bottom of an aquatic ecosystem?
A) Plankton
B) Nekton
C) Benthic
D) Photic
Answer: C) Benthic
Which term describes a situation where multiple individuals or groups exploit a shared resource without proper management, leading to its depletion? A) Overgrazing
B) Monoculture
C) Poaching
D) The tragedy of the commons
Answer: D) The tragedy of the commons
When interpreting a climate graph, what does the line or bars represent?
A) Temperature
B) Precipitation
C) Humidity
D) Wind speed
Answer: B) Precipitation
What term is used to describe areas with exceptionally high levels of biodiversity and a large number of endemic species?
A) Habitat destruction
B) Invasive species
C) Pollution
D) Biodiversity hotspots
Answer: D) Biodiversity hotspots
Q. A scientist observes a group of plants growing taller and infers that the increase in height is due to the availability of abundant sunlight. Which term best describes this scientific reasoning?
A) Hypothesis
B) Observation
C) Inference
D) Experimentation
Answer: C) Inference
Which type of freshwater ecosystem is characterized by standing water and is often surrounded by land?
A) Lakes
B) Rivers
C) Wetlands
D) Estuaries
Answer: A) Lakes
Which of the following threats to grassland ecosystems involves the cultivation of a single crop over a large area, leading to loss of biodiversity and soil degradation?
A) Overgrazing
B) Monoculture
C) Poaching
D) The tragedy of the commons
Answer: B) Monoculture
Which type of desert ecosystem is characterized by extremely hot temperatures, low rainfall, and a variety of cacti and succulent plants?
A) Chaparral
B) Subtropical deserts
C) Semi-arid deserts
D) Cold deserts
Answer: B) Subtropical deserts
Which of the following threats to biodiversity involves the unsustainable extraction of resources from natural habitats?
A) Habitat destruction
B) Invasive species
C) Pollution
D) Overharvesting
Answer: D) Overharvesting