Dyes, Pigmentsand Paints
This type of colourant is usually water soluble and bonds with iniviuasal fabric molecules
What is a dye
This type of bond involves shared electrons and is considered the strongest type of chemical bond
what is covalent bond
this dyeing method involves dipping fabric into hot dye bath, often forming van der waals bonds
what is direct dyeing
this type of colour does not come from selective absorption but instead from the physical interaction of light with a surface
what is a structural colour
this phenomenon involves refraction, dispersion, and total internal reflection of sunlight and raindrops
What is a rainbow
This substance suspends pigments and allows them to be applies to surfaces, but it does not chemically bond like dyes
What is paint
in this bond, one atom pulls the e- more strongly, creating slightly positive and negative charges
what is a polar covalent bond
this dyeing process is used for polyester and works by chemically opening up fibres with heat or UV exposure to trap dye inside
what is disparsed dyeing
what is the law of reflection
this occurs when sunlight bends through ice crystals in cirrus clouds, creating a glowing ring around the sun or moon
what is a halo
Water insouble that do not chemically bond with fabric molecules
what are pigments
this weak bond forms due to attraction between opposite charges on different molecules and often involves hydrogen
what are hydrogen bonds / van der Waals
this process turns soluble dyes into insoluble pigments for use in paint
what is laking
when light passes from one medium to another, it changes directions and slows down in a process called?
what is refraction
this type of rainbow appears above the primary rainbow and has its colour sequence reversed
what is a secondary or double rainbow
This step of color results from selective absorption alone while another type depends on optical factors and pigment structures
What is dye color and paint color
this type of dye forms strong covalent bonds with fabric molecules, making it highly resistant to fading
what is a fiber reactive dye
this process of dyeing appears colourless at first , and only develops colour after exposure to air and sunlight through oxidization
what is vat dye.
this phenomenon occurs when light bends so much that it is completely reflected inside a meterial instead of passing through
what is total internal reflection
These bright spots on either side of the sun , form when sunlight is refracted by ice crystals in the atmosphere
what are sun dogs
These two main ways to classify dyes and pigments depend on how they are made and their chemical composition
what are natural vs. synthetic, and organic vs. inogranic
this chemical helps dye adhere to fabric by forming bonds between the fabric and dye molecules, often containing aluminum and chromium, or tin.
what is mordant
this famous blue dye requires a chemical reaction with air to develop its colour after being extracted from plants
what is indigo
this type of light scattering is responsible for the blue sky and red sunsets because shorter wavelengths scatter more than longer ones
what is rayleigh scattering
this glass made with finely ground gold particles appears red due to its selective scattering light
what is gold ruby glass