Easy points
patient shows signs of chronic hemolytic anemia, recurrent infections, and episodes of severe pain in long bones and abdomen. Which hematologic disorder is this?
Sickle Cell Disease
A patient presents with acute chest pain, hypoxia, fever, and pulmonary infiltrates. They have a known hemoglobinopathy. Which complication of their disorder is likely?
Acute Chest Syndrome
Reed-Sternberg cells on biopsy are pathognomonic for which hematologic disorder?
Lymphoma- Hodgkins
A patient with sepsis exhibits oozing from venipuncture sites, hemolysis, and microthrombi in small vessels. Which hematologic disorder does this describe?
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (D.I.C.)
Patients with severe aplastic anemia or hematologic malignancy may undergo which procedure to restore marrow function?
Stem Cell Transplant
Shortness of breath on exertion, palpitations, and pale conjunctiva indicate which hematologic disorder?
Anemia
A child has pallor, bone pain, and petechiae. CBC reveals anemia and thrombocytopenia. Which hematologic disorder is indicated?
Leukemia
A patient receiving heparin for DVT prophylaxis develops a sudden drop in platelet count by 50% and new-onset thrombosis. Which disorder is most likely?
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (H.I.T.)
A patient has thrombosis and erythrocytosis with low EPO levels ruddy complexion. What condition is indicated?
Polycythemia vera
Bone marrow fibrosis with extramedullary hematopoiesis presenting as massive splenomegaly is characteristic of
Myelofibrosis
A patient with sickle cell crisis requires increased oxygen-carrying capacity. Which intervention is indicated?
Blood Transfusion
Spontaneous bleeding, nosebleeds, and low platelets indicate which hematologic condition?
Thrombocytopenia
Recurrent bleeding into muscles and joints in a male patient, with family history of X-linked recessive bleeding disorder, points to which condition?
Hemophilia A
Hypercalcemia, kidney failure, anemia, and bone lesions (CRAB criteria) are indicative of:
Multiple myeloma
A patient reports fatigue, pica (craving non-food items), and shortness of breath on exertion. CBC shows microcytic, hypochromic RBCs. Which hematologic condition does this describe?
Iron deficiency anemia
A patient has a high risk of infection due to decreased neutrophil production, presenting with fatigue and malaise. Which disorder is indicated?
Neutropenia
A patient has pallor, bruising, and recurrent infections. Bone marrow biopsy shows hypercellularity with dysplastic changes. Which disorder is indicated?
Myelodysplastic syndrome
Chronic hypoxia in a patient with COPD leads to increased RBC production and elevated hematocrit. Which hematologic condition is this?
Secondary polycythemia
A patient presents with erythromelalgia (burning hands/feet) and platelet count >600,000/μL. Which disorder is likely?
Thrombocythemia
Bleeding episodes after minor trauma in a patient, with normal platelet count and normal PT, but deficient Factor IX, suggest which disorder?
Hemophilia B
A patient presents with fatigue, joint pain, bronze skin, and elevated ferritin. Which disorder is most likely?
Hemochromatosis
A patient presents with fatigue, pallor, frequent infections, and petechiae. CBC shows pancytopenia (low RBCs, WBCs, and platelets). Which disorder is most likely?
Aplastic anemia
A patient presents with fatigue, pallor, and shortness of breath. Labs reveal macrocytic anemia (high MCV), hypersegmented neutrophils, and normal vitamin B12 levels. Which disorder is most likely?
Folate deficiency anemia
patient presents with nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, and oliguria shortly after starting chemotherapy. Labs reveal elevated potassium, phosphate, uric acid, and low calcium. Which condition does this describe?
Tumor lysis syndrome
Labs reveal megaloblastic anemia, positive Schilling test and a B12 deficiency with neurologic deficits Which hematologic disorder is most likely?
Pernicious anemia