The Neuron
Provides fuel for the neuron, manufactures chemicals and maintains the entire neuron in working order.
What is the Cell Body?
This neurotransmitter is involved with producing feelings of pleasure when it is release by the rewards system. It also motivates and alerts us and does a great deal with mood.
What is dopamine?
Chemical messengers that travel through the blood and must bind to a cell receptor in order to send their signal.
What are Hormones?
What is the Central Nervous System?
Tiny bubbles located at the extreme end of the axon's branches
What are Terminal Buttons?
Branchlike extensions from the cell body that receive information from other neurons and pass the information onto the cell body.
What are Dendrites?
An excitatory neurotransmitter involved in memory, focus, and concentration, along with muscle contraction and activation.
What is Acetylcholine?
Descends from the hypothalamus (regulates body temp, secretes oxytocin, make antidiuretic hormone) at the base of the brain, and acts in close association with it. Often referred to as the “master gland” because its messenger hormones control all the other glands in the endocrine system
What is the Pituitary Gland?
Made up of thick bundles of axons, called nerves, carrying messages back and forth between the CNS & the muscles, organs, and senses in the periphery of the body.
What is the Peripheral Nervous System?
A type of neuron that carries sensory information to the CNS, are afferent fibers (afferent means “moving toward”)
What are Sensory Neurons?
Threadlike structure that carries information away from the cell body to neighboring neurons.
What is the Axon?
This neurotransmitter is known as the "happiness hormone" because it arouses feelings of pleasure and well-being. It also defends against anxiety and depression.
What is Serotonin?
These sit atop our kidneys and secrete hormones involved in the stress response, such as epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and cortisol (reduces inflammation, regulates blood pressure, regulates blood sugar, release hormones that burn protein and fat.)
What are Adrenal Glands?
A subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that is associated with activities traditionally thought of as conscious or voluntary.
What is the Somatic Nervous System?
Type of synapse that is typically found where the axon of one neuron touches the cell body of another neuron.
What are Inhibitory Synapses or Type II Synapses?
Tube-like segments composed of fatty material that wraps around and insulates axon.
What is the Myelin Sheath?
This excitatory neurotransmitter is the most predominant neurotransmitter in the body. It causes arousal, concentration, vigilance, alertness, and attention.
What is Norepinephrine?
This gland produces and regulates some hormones, including melatonin. Melatonin is best known for the role it plays in regulating sleep patterns.
What is the Pineal Gland?
A division within our autonomic system that is involved in preparing the body for stress-related activities.
What is the Sympathetic Nervous system?
Type of synapse that is typically located on the dendrites of a neuron where the signal is received from the axon of another neuron.
What are Excitatory Synapse or Type I?
Infinitely small space that exist between an end bulb and an adjacent body organ, muscles, or cell body.
What is a Synapse?
This major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and is a counterpart to dopamine and acetylcholine which allows us to move, act, focus, & be alert.
What is GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric-Acid)
What site in the Central Nervous System interacts with the Pituitary Gland in assisting with the regulation of hormones?
What is the Hypothalamus?
A division within our autonomic system that is involved in returning the body to routine, day-to-day operations.
What is the Parasympathetic Nervous System?
A state of equilibrium, in which biological conditions (such as body temperature) are maintained at optimal levels.
What is Homeostasis?