Morell
What does UPK stand for?
Universal Pre-Kindergarten
What is balanced bilingualism and does it exist?
Balanced bilingualism is the idea of having equal proficiency in both languages. However, this idea is not realistic as bilinguals will always have stronger skills in one language compared to the other and skills will differ depending on contexts.
The most basic form of this type of speech involves an adult asking a child "What's that?".
What is telegraphic speech?
Fill in the blank: ______ out of 10 students in the United States are emergent bilinguals
1 out of 10
What ages are the critical period of acquiring a new language?
Birth to 7
Which states mandate bilingual preschool instruction?
Illinois and Texas
What determines the rate of bilingual language development?
The rate varies between each individual and depends on numerous factors. A few major factors include the extent and quality of language exposure, learner personality, and motivation.
This strategy is used by young children to communicate with each other using all of the useful language that they know
What is formulaic speech?
Why should we use the term emergent bilingual?
Instead of being considered 'limited, students are seen for their potential to be bilingual or multilingual.
True or False?
Exposure to sounds from 6 to 8 months in babies changes just 2 months later based on the language they are learning.
True
Why is it important that "English Language Learners" are identified in pre-K?
To measure the effectiveness of the pre-K year instruction on students' language development.
What is one pro and con of the one-parent-one-language idea?
Pros: It may be easier and faster for children to learn when to switch languages depending on communication partners and contexts.
Cons: Limited exposure to the minority language compared to the majority language.
True or False?
During productive language use, second language learning children must analyze the language being used around them and begin to make guesses about how the language is constructed.
What is true?
What is the goal of the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)?
To prepare all students for success in college and career, while providing flexibility from the No Child Left Behind (NCLB)'s requirements.
Who is needed to teach babies a language?
A human. TV video exposure to humans and language or stuffed animals paired with human speech have not shown an impact on learning. Only direct human contact demonstrated significant learning of the language.
English-only preschool instruction is associated with...
Reduced home language skills as well as no greater English language skills.
What is the iceberg theory of dual language development?
It replaces the incorrect balloon theory and can help visualize how the languages may appear separate on the surface (e.g., when expressing language) but are connected in the brain allowing for the transfer of skills.
This researcher described the acquisition process in children as "speak now, learn later".
Who is Wong Fillmore (1979)?
What is metalinguistic awareness?
Children's understanding of two or more languages leads to a more analytic orientation to language itself.
Who are culture-bound listeners?
Have become accustomed to the rules and sounds of the language they are immersed in meaning they do not discriminate sounds of foreign languages as babies below the age of 1 can.
How many states collect information regarding students' home language when entering school?
15 (29%)
How does brain structure change when learning a second language, according to Mechelli et al. (2004)?
Research indicates that the brain's grey matter increases in density when learning a second language.
What are the four periods of developmental sequence in a young child's acquisition of a second language?
What is (1) home language use, (2) nonverbal period, (3), telegraphic and formulaic use, (4) productive use
What is the difference between No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and Every Student Succeeds Act ( ESSA)?
NCLB focused on emergent bilinguals' achievements on assessment while ESSA looks at achievement on academic standards.
According to Kuhl, how many people in the world speak the language Koro?
800