Hardware & Components
What component executes instructions in a computer?
CPU
What does RAM stand for?
Hardware and software
Which logic gate inverts the input?
NOT gate
What are the three stages of the Fetch-Execute cycle?
Fetch, Decode, Execute
What type of storage is non-volatile and used for long-term data?
Secondary storage
What is the purpose of RAM?
Random Access Memory
What type of software is used for word processing?
Application software
What is the output of an AND gate when both inputs are 1?
1
What is the purpose of the CPU clock?
It synchronizes and controls the timing of operations in the processor.
Why is SSD faster than HDD?
No moving parts
What is the function of a heat sink?
To cool the CPU
What is the function of virtual memory?
Extends RAM using storage
How many rows are in a truth table for a 3-input logic gate?
8
What is the function of the ALU?
Performs arithmetic and logic operations
What type of storage uses laser technology?
Optical storage
What component is used to store the BIOS?
ROM
How does the OS allocate resources to programs?
Using scheduling algorithms
What is the binary representation of decimal 13?
1101
What is the purpose of the Control Unit (CU) in the CPU?
Manages and coordinates the execution of instructions
Why is virtual memory slower than RAM?
It uses secondary storage, which has slower access speeds
What unit measures clock speed?
Hertz
What is the function of device drivers?
Allows OS to communicate with hardware
DRAW: A circuit uses three inputs (A, B, and C) and outputs 1 only when exactly two of the inputs are 1. What type of logic circuit does this describe?
A two-input XOR gate combined with an OR gate
What is the purpose of cache memory?
Stores frequently used data
Why do SSDs have a limited number of write cycles?
Flash memory degrades over time