Key Terms
What is a physician?
A doctor of medicine who has trained at university.
Who developed the Theory of Opposites, or Theory of Balance?
Galen
When was the printing press first invented?
1500
Why did William Harvey dissect cold-blooded animals (both alive and dead)?
Because they were cold blooded their hearts beat much more slowly and he could see the movement of each muscle in the heart.
Ideas were able to travel much more quickly, and new knowledge could be communicated to a wider audience.
What does dissection mean?
The cutting up and examining of a body.
Who discovered how blood circulates through the body?
William Harvey
When did Richard Lower make the first experimental blood transfusion?
1665
What part of the body did Galen think blood was produced?
The liver
Who was called the "English Hippocrates" and why?
Thomas Syndenham, because the legendary Greek doctor had placed such emphasis on observation- as did Syndenham.
What is a voluntary hospital?
A hospital supported by charitable donations.
Who made the first experimental blood transfusion?
Richard Lower
When did William Harvey publish his book The Motion of the Heart and Blood?
1628
How did Harvey prove that blood was pumped in a one-way system?
He tried to pump liquid past the valves in the veins but could not do so.
What was the purpose of the Royal Society, started in 1645?
The society held the first meetings for people interested in discussing new scientific ideas in London. They met weekly and discussed new ideas in physics, botany, astronomy, medicine and other sciences. Members could demonstrate experiments, the society published books and articles to spread new ideas and even King Charles II attended regularly.
The transfer of blood from one person to another.
Andreas Vesalius
When was the Great Plague in London?
1665
What did Andreas Vesalius discover about the human jaw bone, which was different that what Galen proposed?
Vesalius discovered that the jawbone is made of one bone, not two
Why would Harvey's discoveries about the circulation of blood challenge the usefulness of bleeding patients as a treatment?
If the body is not constantly producing new blood, but circulating the same blood through, then what use is removing the blood?
What is dysentary?
A severe infection causing frequent, fluid bowel movements.
Who was the pioneering doctor in the 17th Century who made massive progress in diagnosing diseases?
Thomas Sydenham
When did Henry VIII close the monasteries in England?
1530's
What did Thomas Sydenham say about the importance of observation of illnesses?
"You must go to the bedside. It is there alone you can learn about disease."
What is one way that hospitals in the renaissance period were different from hospitals the Medieval period?
* St Bartholomew's in London began to try and treat illnesses, rather than turning away the infectious (most still did not)
* Henry VIII closed the monasteries in the 1530's, so many hospitals (run by the monasteries) closed at this time.